美国对联合国维和行动的政策、逻辑及其安全效应  

The Logic of U.S.Policy toward United Nations Peacekeeping Operations,and Its Security Effects

作　　者：葛汉文 Ge Hanwen

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学外国语学院,南京210039

出　　处：《亚太安全与海洋研究》2024年第6期36-55,I0002,I0003,共22页Asia-Pacific Security and Maritime Affairs

基　　金：国家社会科学基金军事学重点项目(编号:2022-SKJJ-B-105)。

摘　　要：联合国维和行动是联合国主导、为创造和维护国际和平实施的重要政策工具。美国是联合国维和行动的主要缔造者和重要参与方之一,其政策态度往往决定了后者的使命、规模、运行与成效。1948年以来,美国相关政策经历了阶段性摇摆和选择性参与过程。多边主义与单边主义之争、力求“规制、主导”联合国维和行动的倾向与实际影响力下降时企图“抵制”多边行动的矛盾,以及美军对参与维和行动的认知与其认定的“核心使命”存在背离,是美国政策出现重大起伏的内在根源。随着“大国竞争时代”到来,美国相关政策将继续受制于上述数组矛盾而波动摇摆,联合国维和行动很可能成为美国“战略竞争”的新战场,恐将再度陷入类似冷战时期的低潮局面。United Nations peacekeeping operations are an important policy tool,led by the United Nations,to create and maintain international peace.The United States is one of the main founders and important participants in UN peacekeeping operations and its policy often determines the mission,scale,operation and effectiveness of the UN Peacekeeping Operations.Since 1948,the relevant policies of the United States have undergone a process of periodic vacillation and selective participation.The controversy between multilateralism and unilateralism,the contradiction between the tendency to regulate and dominate UN peacekeeping operations and the attempt to boycott multilateral actions when their actual influence declines,and the deviation between the US military’s perception of participating in peacekeeping operations and its perceived“core mission”are the internal roots of US policies.In the“era of great power competition,”the policies of the United States towards UN peacekeeping operations continue to be subject to the above-mentioned set of contradictions.Consequently,UN peacekeeping operations are likely to become a new battlefield of“strategic competition”,and UN peacekeeping operations will once again fall into a situation similar to the low ebb of the Cold War.

关 键 词：联合国 维和行动 美国 大国竞争 安全效应 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学]