青年急性心肌梗死发病非传统危险因素的研究  

Study on Nontraditional Risk Factors of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young People

作　　者：晋从巧 钱琛玥 龚赟 刘华东[1] JIN Congqiao;QIAN Chenyue;GONG Yun;LIU Huadong(Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University,Guangdong Shenzhen 518020,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学第二临床医学院心血管内科,广东深圳518020

出　　处：《中国医药导刊》2024年第8期764-773,共10页Chinese Journal of Medicinal Guide

基　　金：深圳市人民医院“五个三”培育项目重大科研项目(SYWGSJCYJ202202)。

摘　　要：急性心肌梗死(AMI)一直被视为中老年人群的主要健康挑战,发病多与高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、吸烟、心血管疾病家族史等有关。然而,近年来,随着社会环境和生活方式的变化,AMI的患病人群逐渐向年轻化趋势发展。青年人AMI常为急性起病,冠状动脉粥样硬化程度并不严重,临床上常无典型的劳力性心绞痛症状,但病情却较为凶险,易发生猝死,早期死亡率较高。在有关≤45岁的AMI患者的临床研究中,较多为发病特征及临床特点等方面的研究,而对于潜在的发病因素的深入探讨相对较少,且研究结果存在一定的差异。青年人AMI发病的危险因素具有其独特之处,研究这些特殊因素对于预防和干预年轻人心血管疾病具有重要意义。本研究拟就青年AMI相关危险因素的研究进展做一简要综述,认为未来关于AMI的研究应该进一步探讨这些因素之间的关联及其对心血管健康的影响,为年轻人心血管健康问题的防控提供更为精准的策略和方法。随着对这些因素研究的不断深入,相信未来可以为临床实践和公共卫生政策提供更为有针对性和科学的指导,以降低这一人群的心血管疾病发病率和死亡率,从而促进整个社会的健康水平提升。Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)has been regarded as a major health challenge in the middle-aged and elderly popula‐tion,and its onset is mostly associated with hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,smoking,and family history of cardiovascular dis‐ease.However,in recent years,with the changes in social environment and lifestyle,the prevalence of AMI has gradually developed towards a younger age group.AMI in young people often has an acute onset,the degree of coronary atherosclerosis is not serious,and clinically there are often no typical symptoms of exertional angina pectoris,but the condition is more dangerous,prone to sudden death,and the early mortality rate is high.In the clinical study of acute myocardial infarction in patients≤45 years old,there are more studies on the characteristics of the onset of the disease and clinical features,and relatively little in-depth exploration of the potential factors of the development of the disease,and there are some differences in the results of the studies.Risk factors for the development of AMI in young people are unique,and the study of these special factors is of great significance for the prevention and intervention of cardiovascu‐lar disease in young people.This study is intended to provide a brief overview of the progress of researches on the risk factors associated with AMI in young people.Future studies of AMI should further explore the association between these factors and their impact on cardio‐vascular health,in order to provide more precise strategies and methods for the prevention and control of cardiovascular health problems in young people.As research on these factors continues to deepen,it is believed that more targeted and scientific guidance can be pro‐vided for clinical practice and public health policy in the future,in order to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease and mortality in this population,and thus promote the health level of the whole society.

关 键 词：青年人 急性心肌梗死 危险因素 发病机制 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R73[医药卫生—内科学]