探讨胎儿系统超声检查在胎儿畸形筛查中的临床应用价值  

The clinical application value of fetal system ultrasonography in screening fetal malformation

作　　者：杨小花[1] 吴灵奕 曾雪玲[1] 康丽华 YANG Xiao-hua;WU Ling-yi;ZENG Xue-ling(Obstetrical Department,Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Maoming 525000,China)

机构地区：[1]茂名市妇幼保健院产科,525000

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2024年第21期85-88,共4页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探讨胎儿系统超声检查在胎儿畸形诊断中的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析850例产前开展胎儿系统超声检查孕妇的临床资料,均应用彩色多普勒超声仪进行胎儿畸形筛查和诊断,以产后结果为金标准,统计胎儿系统超声检查的准确率。结果 850例孕妇产后随访共检出各种类型畸形18例,畸形检出率为2.12%(18/850),其中包括中枢神经系统畸形4例,泌尿系统畸形5例,颜面部畸形2例,心脏系统4例,四肢骨骼系统2例,消化系统1例。胎儿系统超声共检出畸形15例,检出率为83.33%(15/18),漏诊3例,漏诊率16.67%(3/18);均经过正常分娩或引产后尸检证实。畸形检出时间:孕18~24周检出胎儿畸形11例,占比61.11%;25~36周检出6例,占比33.33%;36周后检出1例,占比5.56%。结论 胎儿系统超声是筛查和诊断胎儿畸形的重要手段,孕期进行规范化胎儿系统超声检查能够对胎儿畸形开展产前诊断并指导临床制定进一步干预方案,从而降低胎儿出生缺陷率。Objective To explore the application value of fetal system ultrasonography in screening fetal malformation.Methods Clinical data of 850 pregnant women who underwent prenatal fetal ultrasonography were retrospectively analyzed,and color Doppler ultrasonography was applied for screening and diagnosis of fetal malformation,and the accuracy of fetal system ultrasonography was statistically determined with postnatal results as the gold standard.Results A total of 18 cases of various types of malformations were detected in the postnatal follow-up of 850 pregnant women,with a detection rate of 2.12%(18/850),including 4 cases of malformations in the central nervous system,5 cases of malformations in the urinary system,2 cases of malformations of the face,4 cases of malformations in the cardiac system,2 cases of malformations in the limb-skeletal system,and 1 case of malformations in the digestive system.A total of 15 cases of malformations were detected by ultrasonography,with a detection rate of 83.33%(15/18),and 3 cases were missed,the missed diagnosis rate was 16.67%(3/18).All were confirmed by postmortem examination after normal delivery or induced labor.Time of malformation detection:11 cases of fetal malformation were detected at 18-24 weeks of pregnancy,accounting for 61.11%;6 cases were detected at 25-36 weeks of pregnancy,accounting for 33.33%;and 1 case was detected after 36 weeks of pregnancy,accounting for 5.56%.Conclusion Fetal system ultrasonography is an important means to screen and diagnose fetal malformations.Standardized systematic ultrasonography during pregnancy can reduce the rate of fetal birth defects by providing prenatal diagnosis of fetal malformations and guiding the clinic to develop further intervention plans.

关 键 词：胎儿系统超声 胎儿畸形 筛查 诊断 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R714.5[医药卫生—诊断学]