双江口大水头变幅水轮机模型优选及试验分析  

Model optimization and test analysis of turbines with large head variation in Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station

作　　者：张龙生 朱亚军 ZHANG Long-sheng;ZHU Ya-jun(Sichuan Dadu River Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd.,Maerkang 624000,China;PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大渡河双江口水电开发有限公司,四川马尔康624000 [2]中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司,四川成都610031

出　　处：《水电站机电技术》2024年第11期1-5,153,共6页Mechanical & Electrical Technique of Hydropower Station

摘　　要：双江口水电站水轮机是250m水头段运行水头变幅最大的混流式水轮机之一,机组的运行稳定性始终是设计、制造和水电厂关注的首要课题。针对水轮机的复杂运行工况,通过水轮机模型的多轮优化及初步试验后,验收试验结果表明,验收试验与初步试验的测试结果具有良好的一致性,除飞逸转速外,水轮机的能量、空化、压力脉动等性能指标及流态特性均满足合同要求。在电站运行条件及范围内,水轮机的能量和压力脉动性能优良,可在无空化工况下安全稳定运行。原型水轮机在导叶最大开度范围内的最高飞逸转速为322.90r/min,略超出合同要求的小于320r/min,因此机组相关零部件的结构刚强度应按最高飞逸转速322.90r/min进行设计,以确保机组长期安全稳定运行和使用寿命。The turbines of Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station are among the Francis turbines with the largest operating head variation at a head of 250 m.The operation stability of the units has always been the primary concern of the designer,the manufacturer,and the hydropower station.For complex operating conditions of the turbines,after several rounds of optimization and preliminary tests of the turbine model,the acceptance test results and the preliminary test results are in good consistency.Except for runaway speed,other performance indicators such as turbine energy,cavitation,and pressure pulsation and the flow characteristics meet the contract requirements.Under the operating conditions and within the scope of the hydropower station,the turbines have excellent energy and pressure pulsation performance and can operate safely and stably under cavitation-free conditions.The maximum runaway speed of the prototype turbine at the maximum opening range of guide vane is 322.90 r/min,which is slightly higher than that required by the contract(less than 320 r/min).Therefore,the structural rigidity and strength of relevant parts and components of the units shall be designed according to the maximum runaway speed of 322.90 r/min,thus ensuring long-term safe and stable operation and service life of the units.

关 键 词：水轮机 优化 模型试验 压力脉动 双江口水电站 

分 类 号：TV734[水利工程—水利水电工程]