基于反演技术的碎屑岩高精度三维观测系统研究  

Research on high precision 3D observation system for clastic rocks based on inversion technology

作　　者：孔德政 罗姜民 肖冰清 姜翠苹 陈建国 李艳君 KONG Dezheng;LUO Jiangmin;XIAO Bingqing;JIANG Cuiping;CHEN Jianguo;LI Yanjun(Tarim Physical Prospecting Department of CNPC BGP,Xinjiang Korla 841000,China;Tarim Oilfield Company,CNPC,Xinjiang Korla 841000,China;Korla Branch of Research Institute of CNPC BGP,Xinjiang Korla 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油东方物探公司塔里木物探处,新疆库尔勒841000 [2]中国石油塔里木油田分公司,新疆库尔勒841000 [3]中国石油东方物探公司研究院库尔勒分院,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《非常规油气》2024年第6期17-24,共8页Unconventional Oil & Gas

基　　金：中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司科技项目“复杂区深层及火成岩重磁电震一体化关键技术研究”(2021DJ3706)。

摘　　要：塔里木盆地塔北地区碎屑岩油气资源丰富,是重要勘探区域之一。随着碎屑岩油气开发的深入,以往的低密度三维地震资料已不能满足碎屑岩薄砂岩等储层高精度刻画需求,亟需开展满足碎屑岩开发的高精度三维地震采集方法研究。依托塔北玉东区块三维地震采集资料,优选约束稀疏脉冲反演方法,基于波阻抗反演资料,开展了针对提高砂体刻画精度的观测系统参数研究。结果表明,地震剖面上对比不明显的砂岩弱反射,在波阻抗的反演资料上差异明显,丰富了碎屑岩地震采集方法的评价和优选手段;初步明确了观测系统参数优先选择顺序为炮道密度、面元、接收线距、观测宽度以及覆盖次数。参考现阶段炸药震源高密度采集经验,建议炮道密度应达到170×10^(4),较小的面元15 m×15 m,接收线距约为210 m,横纵比在0.7以上宽方位观测。研究结论为碎屑岩高精度三维地震采集观测系统研究和参数设计提供了有效的技术参考。Tabei area of Tarim Basin is rich in oil and gas resources of clastic rocks,which is one of the essential exploration fields.With the deepening of oil and gas development in clastic rocks,low-density 3D seismic data can no longer meet the high-precision characterization requirements of reservoirs such as thin sandstone in clastic rocks in the past.It is urgent to carry out research on high-precision 3D seismic acquisition methods that meet the needs of clastic rock development.Based on the 3D seismic acquisition data of Yudong Block in Tabei,the constrained sparse pulse inversion method was optimized.Based on wave impedance inversion data,the observation system parameters were researched to improve the accuracy of sand body characterization.The results indicated that the weak reflection of sandstone,which is not significantly contrasted on the seismic profile,has significant differences in wave impedance inversion data,enriching the evaluation and optimization methods for seismic acquisition of clastic rocks.It has been preliminarily clarified that the priority order for selecting observation system parameters is channel density,bin,receiving line distance,observation width,and coverage frequency.According to current high-density acquisition experience in terms of explosive source,it is recommended to reach a trace density of about 1.7 million,with a smaller bin of 15 m×15 m,with a receiving line distance of about 210 m,and an aspect ratio of 0.7 or more for azimuth observation,The research results provide an effective technical reference for the research and parameter design of high precision three-dimensional seismic acquisition and observation system of clastic rock.

关 键 词：碎屑岩 波阻抗反演 高精度三维 观测系统 地震采集 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]