外出务工时长与返乡农民工创业决策:推动抑或阻止?——基于中国家庭金融调查数据的实证分析  

Duration of Migrant Labor and Entrepreneurial Decision-making of Return Migrant Workers:Promoting or Preventing?——An Empirical Analysis Based on the Data of China Household Finance Survey

作　　者：林硕延 曹宗平[2,3] 黄子珊 顾欣[4] 石印 Lin Shuoyan;Cao Zongping;Huang Zishan;Gu Xin;Shi Yin

机构地区：[1]广州商学院经济学院 [2]华南师范大学经济与管理学院 [3]华南师范大学高质量发展研究中心 [4]东南大学经济管理学院 [5]山东第一医科大学医疗保障学院

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2024年第10期130-147,共18页

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“乡村振兴战略背景下农民工返乡创业风险的防控机制与治理对策研究”(项目编号:18AJY020);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助(项目编号:2242024S30024);山东省社科规划研究专项“文旅产业赋能乡村振兴的效应评估与优化路径研究”(项目编号:23CLYJ48);教育部人文社科研究规划基金“共同富裕视域下三次分配的伦理基础研究”(项目编号:22YJAZH117);普通高校重点科研平台和项目“新型农村集体经济组织运行机制研究——以广东省为例”(项目编号:2023ZDZX4066)。

摘　　要：近年来,各级政府高度重视并大力支持农民工返乡创业,以便创造更多就业岗位以缓解当地愈来愈严峻的就业压力,从而带动农村经济社会全面发展,推动乡村振兴并实现共同富裕。基于乡村振兴和共同富裕的背景,文章使用中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)的数据,系统分析外出务工时长对返乡农民工创业决策的影响。研究结果表明:外出务工时长对返乡农民工的创业决策具有显著的正向影响。在处理了遗漏变量等内生性问题并进行一系列稳健性检验后,结论依然成立。基于此结论,文章对其内在的作用机制展开深入研究后发现,农民工流入发达地区城镇务工期间,能够通过积累工资性收入、扩展社会网络等渠道获得有助于返乡创业所需的各种资源。文章的成果有助于丰富和拓展外出务工经历对返乡农民工创业行为影响方面的相关研究,针对外出务工人群积攒创业资源、降低创业门槛所提出的政策建议,也有一定的参考借鉴作用。In recent years,governments at all levels have accorded considerable significance to and provided robust support for the entrepreneurial endeavors of migrant workers returning to their hometowns.This is with a view to creating additional employment opportunities,thereby alleviating the mounting pressure on the job market in rural areas.This,in turn,is expected to propel overall economic and social development of the countryside,facilitate the revitalization of rural areas,and pave the way for common prosperity.In light of the ongoing process of rural revitalization and the pursuit of common prosperity,this study employs the data from the China Household Finance Survey(CHFS)to conduct a comprehensive examination of the influence of the duration of migrant labor on the entrepreneurial decision-making processes of return migrant workers.The findings of the study indicate that the duration of migrant labor has a notable positive influence on the entrepreneurial decisions of return migrant workers.After addressing the issues of endogeneity,such as omitted variables,and conducting a series of robustness tests,the conclusion remains unchanged.In light of these findings,this paper undertakes an in-depth study on the underlying mechanisms at play.It is evident that during the period of migrant workers'inflow to the cities and towns in developed regions,they can access a range of resources that prove instrumental in their decision to return to their hometowns.These resources are obtained through the channels of accumulating wage incomes and expanding their social networks.The findings of this study contribute to the existing literature on the impact of migrant workers'experiences on their entrepreneurial behavior.Additionally,the policy recommendations for migrant workers to accumulate entrepreneurial resources and reduce the threshold of entrepreneurship offer insights that can inform policy decisions.

关 键 词：外出务工时长 返乡农民工 创业决策 乡村振兴 共同富裕 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] F323.6[经济管理—国民经济] F279.22