《旧金山对日和约》涉西沙群岛、南沙群岛条款研究  

San Francisco Peace Treaty with Respect to the Argument on the Paracel Islands and the Spratly Islands

作　　者：褚静涛[1] CHU Jingtao(Institute of Modern History,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院近代史研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《安徽史学》2024年第6期84-91,共8页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“‘一国两制’台湾方案研究”(19ZDA129)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：1949年10月1日,中华人民共和国成立,国民党集团退踞台湾地区。1950年6月25日,朝鲜战争爆发,美国政府迅速调整对台湾地区政策,阴谋干涉中国内政。不同于之前草拟的《对日和约》,美国官员重新设计《对日和约》条款。美国国务院不顾中国、苏联等国家对于这些领土条款的明显分歧,一意孤行。1951年9月8日,美国及其他国家在旧金山签署了《对日和约》,其第二条规定日本放弃中国台湾岛、澎湖列岛、西沙群岛、南沙群岛,置这些岛屿的地位于待定状态。这些条文措词模糊,易于被不同的国家为自己的利益做出解释。为了维护其在西太平洋的战略利益,美国政府预留空间,根据情势变迁,制造在南海的领土争议。然而,这改变不了南沙群岛、西沙群岛属于中国领土一部分的事实。On October 1,1949,the People’s Republic of China(PRC)was founded,while KMT Group retreated to Taiwan region and the surrounding islands.As the Korean War broke out on June 25,1950,the U.S.Government adjusted the political policy toward Taiwan region as soon as possible to intervene China’s domestic affairs.Moreover,the department of state of the U.S.was devoted to drafting the peace treaty with Japan regardless of the evident divergence around the territorial terms among the allies such as China and the Soviet Union.After a series of argument,Treaty of Peace with Japan,which was signed by the U.S.and its allies in San Francisco on September 8,1951,forced Japan to renounce Formosa,the Pescadores,the Spratly Islands and the Paracel Islands,setting them into the unresolved status.The terms was so ambiguous that it may be easily explicated by different countries in favour their benefit.Out of its strategic consideration in the western Pacific,the U.S.Government laid some space to result in the territorial disputes in the South China Sea according to the changing circumstance.However,such a tactic does not deny the fact that China enjoys all rights over the Nansha(Spratly)and the Xisha(Paracel)Islands.

关 键 词：《旧金山对日和约》第二条 西沙群岛 南沙群岛 草拟 争议 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学] K712.54[历史地理—中国史]