战后台湾地区外汇制度改革的缘起、过程与影响  

The Reform of Taiwan's region Foreign Exchange System in 1958:Origins,Process,and Impact

作　　者：汪小平[1] Wang Xiaoping

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院近代史所

出　　处：《台湾研究》2024年第5期102-110,共9页Taiwan Studies

摘　　要：台湾地区在20世纪50年代实施了“进口替代”政策,导致国际收支失衡。为了改革外汇制度,内部出现了呼吁进行汇率制度改革的建议书。然而由于保守势力的反对和当局的干预,最终未能顺利推进汇率改革。直到1958年,当局迫于压力才进行了重大外汇制度改革。系列改革举措极大地促进了出口贸易和经济繁荣,稳定了物价和进口量。刘大中与蒋硕杰等学者提出的单一汇率等政策为改革提供了理论基础。尹仲容、严家淦等官员在此次改革中发挥了重要作用,他们的市场经济理念得到了广泛传播,为台湾地区经济发展指明了方向。In the 1950s,the Taiwan region authorities adopted an"import substitution"trade strategy,which led to an imbalance in the balance of payments.In order to improve the foreign exchange management system,there are voices within the Taiwan authorities that the exchange rate system needs to be reformed.However,due to opposition from conservatives and interference from the Taiwan authorities,the exchange rate reform process did not proceed smoothly.It was not until 1958,under external pressure,that the China's Taiwan authorities implemented an important new foreign exchange management system.A series of reform measures have greatly promoted the growth of export trade and economy,while also stabilizing prices and the total amount of imported goods.Economists Ta-chung Liu and Shih-Chang Chiang provided theoretical support for the reform,while officials Chung-Yung Yeh,Chai-kan Yen and others played key roles in the reform.Their market economic theories have been widely recognized and pointed out the direction for Taiwan's region economic development.

关 键 词：台湾地区进口替代 外汇制度 尹仲容 严家淦 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学] K27[历史地理—中国史]