中国边缘海和西北太平洋可培养弧菌多样性及可培养弧菌胞外酶活性研究  

Diversity of Cultivable Vibrio in China Marginal Seas and the Northwest Pacific Ocean and Its Extracellular Enzyme Activities

作　　者：宋德瑞 张萍萍 王晓磊 袁亚林 李蓓 张晓华[1,2,3] Song Derui;Zhang Pingping;Wang Xiaolei;Yuan Yalin;Li Bei;Zhang Xiaohua(College of Marine Life Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Laoshan Laboratory,Qingdao 266237,China;Institute of Evolution&Marine Biodiversity,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003 [2]崂山实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]中国海洋大学海洋生物多样性与进化研究所,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第12期52-62,共11页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2018YFE0124100);国家自然科学基金项目(41730530)资助。

摘　　要：为了探究可培养弧菌在不同海洋生境中的物种组成和其对褐藻胶和几丁质的降解能力,本研究对中国边缘海(渤海、黄海、东海及南海)和西北太平洋中的可培养弧菌进行了系统性的分离培养与分析。通过16S rRNA基因序列比对,初步确定这些弧菌的分类地位,并对部分菌株进行了胞外酶活性检测。本研究共获得弧菌744株,分属于52个种,有14个潜在新菌,分属于7个潜在新种。在中国边缘海区域共分离得到弧菌368株(分属于43个种),其中坎贝氏弧菌(Vibrio campbellii)为最优势种,共分离出52株。而在西北太平洋海域共获得弧菌376株(分属于26个种),其中查格斯氏弧菌(Vibrio chagasii,159株)占据了绝对优势地位。除不同海域间的差异外,在本研究中还发现大洋不同深度处可培养弧菌的丰度与多样性也有明显不同,海洋真光层分离出的弧菌数量最多,多样性也最高。选取中国边缘海的262株弧菌,对其进行几丁质酶和褐藻胶酶活性检测。其中:7.25%的弧菌具有褐藻胶酶活性;40.84%的弧菌具有几丁质降解能力。中国边缘海与西北太平洋可培养弧菌都具有较高的多样性,但它们的物种组成存在显著差异。同时,海水的深度也是影响可培养弧菌丰度和多样性的重要因素。这些弧菌多具有降解几丁质和褐藻胶的能力,对海洋碳代谢循环起到了重要作用。In order to investigate the species composition of culturable Vibrio in different habitats and their ability to degrade fucoidan and chitin,this study was conducted to analyse culturable Vibrio in the China Margin Sea and the Northwest Pacific Ocean.In this study,the samples were collected from the China Marginal Sea(Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea,East China Sea and South China Sea)and the Northwest Pacific Ocean.The community structure of culturable vibrio was investigated with strain isolation and 16S rRNA gene sequence identification.The chitinase and alginase test agar were used to test the extracellular enzyme activity.A total of 744 strains of Vibrio spp.were obtained in this study,belonging to 52 species,with 14 potential new strains belonging to 7 potential new species.368 strains(43 species)were isolated from the China Margin Sea,with Vibrio campbellii being the most abundant(52 strains).A total of 376 strains(26 species)were obtained from the Northwest Pacific Ocean,with Vibrio chagasii being the most abundant(159 strains).In addition to different seas,we found that the abundance and diversity of culturable Vibrio species also differed significantly in different depths of the oceans,with the greatest number and diversity of Vibrio species isolated from the true photic layer of the ocean.262 strains from the Chinese marginal sea were selected and tested for chitinase and alginate lyase activity.Among them,7.25%had alginate lyase activity and 40.84%had the ability to degrade chitin.Culturable vibrio has a high diversity but significantly different species composition in the China Marginal Sea and the Northwest Pacific Ocean.The depth of seawater is also an important factor affecting the abundance and diversity of cultivable Vibrio.Most of the culturable Vibrio strains have abilities to degrade chitin or fucoidan,which play an important role in the marine carbon metabolic cycle.

关 键 词：中国边缘海 西北太平洋 可培养弧菌 多样性 胞外酶 

分 类 号：Q938.2[生物学—微生物学]