支流水动力特征对干流水位顶托的响应规律与表征——以史灌河为例  

Response Patterns and Characterization of Tributary Hydrodynamic Characteristics to Mainstream Back-water Effect-A Case Study of the Shiguan River

作　　者：王金洋 假冬冬[1,3] 阮锦楼 宋禹辰 毛亚伟 陈长英 仓濯缨[1,5] 杨俊 陈小娜 WANG Jinyang;JIA Dongdong;RUAN Jinlou;SONG Yuchen;MAO Yawei;CHEN Zhangying;CANG Zhuoying;YANG Jun;CHEN Xiaona(Key Laboratory of Port,Waterway and Sedimentation Engineering of Ministry of Transport,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;College of Water Conservancy&Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development,Nanjing 210098,China;Henan Communications Planning&Design Institute Company Limted,Zhenzhou 450008,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院港口航道泥沙工程交通行业重点实验室,江苏南京210029 [2]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098 [3]长江保护与绿色发展研究院,江苏南京210098 [4]河南省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司,河南郑州450008 [5]武汉大学水利水电学院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《工程科学与技术》2024年第6期207-216,共10页Advanced Engineering Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3209501);国家自然科学基金项目(52079080,52479066,U2040215);南京水利科学研究院研究生学位论文基金(Yy224010)。

摘　　要：为研究支流水动力特征对干流水位顶托的响应规律,以受淮干水位顶托的史灌河为例,通过理论分析与模型计算,提出一种定量描述顶托强度和范围的表征方法;基于2维水流数学模型,并利用包络线方法处理因顶托导致支流水位流量关系散乱的情况,进行支流不同来流量级、不同水位流量关系下的水流运动数值模拟,重点分析支流典型区域水动力特征的变化规律,探讨影响干支流顶托特性的主要因素。结果表明:史灌河受淮干水位顶托范围内水位壅高、水面比降变缓、流速减小;史灌河受淮干顶托主要受其上游来流量、干流水位、距交汇口远近等影响;相较于水动力特征分析与其他表征方法,使用综合顶托强度参数方法更易分析干支流顶托特性变化规律,史灌河下游靠近交汇口断面各工况下顶托强度参数均在0.30以上,长期受淮干水位的顶托。研究成果可为受干流水位顶托的支流河道水流特征及其数值模拟的深入研究提供参考。Objective This study aims to accurately analyze the backwater effect of mainstream water levels on tributary flow and to effectively characterize this impact,which is essential for flood control management and navigational channel construction in tributaries.It holds significant theoretical and scientific value.The research addresses two primary challenges:managing the scattered data of water levels and discharges in tributaries and comprehensively considering changes in water levels and flow velocities to characterize the extent of the backwater effect on tributaries.It proposes a method for describing the water level-discharge relationship in tributaries using envelopes to process scattered hydrological data and constructs a backwater intensity parameter that accounts for various hydrodynamic factors.Methods The study uses the Shiguan River,influenced by the backwater effect of the Huai River,as a case study.It begins with a theoretical analysis to examine variations in the hydrodynamic characteristics of tributaries under the influence of mainstream backwater,including increased water levels,reduced cross-sectional flow velocities,and flattened water surface slopes.The research constructs a backwater intensity parameter that integrates changes in cross-sectional water levels,water surface slopes,and flow velocities.Due to the lack of observed discharge data from the mainstream,which complicates accurately fitting the water level-discharge relationship at the confluence using a single curve,this study analyzes the randomness of flood encounters between the mainstream and tributaries during flood and non-flood seasons,as well as their mutual backwater characteristics in different periods.It proposes using the upper and lower envelopes of hydrological data(matched with topographical data)and linear fitting lines to represent the water level-discharge relationship at the confluence during different periods.Subsequently,a two-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical model of the Shiguan River is established based on the

关 键 词：水流特性 水位顶托 顶托强度参数 数值模拟 史灌河 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]