基于“性-效-伍”的维药名方祖卡木颗粒组方原理探索  

Formation Principle of Uygur Ancient Classical Prescription Zukamu Granules Based on“Property-effect-compatibility”Strategy

作　　者：李丝雨[1] 古敏 李易轩 于静 季志红 李柯翱 王燕平[5] 王永炎[5] 翟华强[1,2] LI Siyu;GU Min;LI Yixuan;YU Jing;JI Zhihong;LI Keao;WANG Yanping;WANG Yongyan;ZHAI Huaqiang(School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China;Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China;Uygur Medical School,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830011,China;New Cicon Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi 830001,China;Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京102488 [2]北京中医药大学中药调剂标准化研究中心,北京102488 [3]新疆医科大学维吾尔医学院,乌鲁木齐830011 [4]新奇康药业股份有限公司,乌鲁木齐830011 [5]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《世界中医药》2024年第18期2833-2839,共7页World Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(81860803)。

摘　　要：维医药与中医学具有“一源多流”的特点,应用中医基础理论开展维药名方祖卡木颗粒的组方原理探究具有重要学术价值和现实意义。参考《中华人民共和国药典》(2020版)、《中华本草》等典籍,对祖卡木颗粒组方药物的基源、药性、功效、配伍进行对比分析,寻找中医药与维医药相似性与共通性,并融入中医学的“七情和合”与“君臣佐使”配伍理论进行方解,充分阐释其组方原理的科学内涵。祖卡木颗粒虽在药物及用药习惯方面体现出了一定的维医药特色,但在疾病认识、功效描述等方面与中医药具有较强的共通性,可借鉴中医药方解思路与配伍理论进行组方原理探究。方中薄荷、睡莲花二者相使为君药,主疏散风热;罂粟壳、破布木果、洋甘菊三者相须为用,止咳平喘共为臣药;大黄、蜀葵子二者相须,增强清热泻火之效,大枣、山柰相须为用,共同养护脾胃,四药为佐药;甘草调和诸药而为使。维医药、中医药二者具有相互借鉴与融合的基础,借鉴中医药基础理论可明确祖卡木颗粒的主治病证,将有助于进一步指导维医复方的临床合理使用与新药开发,促进维医药的现代化发展。Uyghur medicine and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)share the characteristic of having“one origin and multiple flows”.The exploration of the formulation principle of the well-known Uyghur classical prescription,Zukamu Granules,based on foundational theories in TCM holds significant academic and practical value.By referencing authoritative texts such as the Pharmacopoeia of the People′s Republic of China(2020 edition)and Chinese Materia Medica,a comparative analysis was conducted on the origin,properties,efficacy,and compatibility of the components in Zukamu Granules to identify similarities and commonalities between Uyghur medicine and TCM and incorporate TCM theories of“harmony of seven emotions”and the“sovereign,minister,assistant,and guide”relationship to explain the prescription,fully elucidating the scientific essence of its formulation principle.While Zukamu Granules exhibit certain Uyghur medicine characteristics in terms of medication and usage habits,they share strong commonalities with TCM in disease understanding and efficacy descriptions.Thus,TCM formulation analysis approach and compatibility theories can be utilized to explore the principle behind this formulation.In this prescription,Mentha haplocalyx and Nymphaea tetragona act as the sovereign herbs,primarily responsible for dispersing wind-heat;Papaver L.shells,Cordia dicholoma,and Matricaria chamomilla serve as the minister herbs,working together to stop coughing and relieve asthma;Rheum palmatum and Althaea rosea seeds enhance the effects of clearing heat and purging fire,while Ziziphus jujuba and Kaempferia galanga together nurture and protect the spleen and stomach,all serving as assistant herbs;Glycyrrhiza uralensis harmonizes all the herbs as the guide herb.There is a foundation for mutual learning and integration between Uyghur medicine and TCM.Drawing on TCM foundational theories can clarify the primary diseases and syndromes indicated for Zukamu Granules,which would help guide the rational clinical use of Uyghur compound f

关 键 词：祖卡木颗粒 组方原理 药性 功效 配伍 七情和合 君臣佐使 维医药复方 

分 类 号：R29[医药卫生—民族医学] R285[医药卫生—中医学]