试论控制作为动态质押公示方法  

Discussion on Control as the Publicity Method of Dynamic Pledge

作　　者：王睿[1] Wang Rui

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学法治经济与法治社会研究中心

出　　处：《政法论坛》2024年第6期151-160,共10页Tribune of Political Science and Law

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划2024年度青年项目“公司合规治理的公司法制度保障研究”(GD24YFX05);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“金融非典型担保的法律构造与规则适用研究”(QNMS202401)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：动态质押综合了传统动产质押和动产浮动抵押的部分特征,是商事主体在商事交易中根据实际需求改造而来的商事担保物权。动态质押的公示方法具有特殊性,分析动态质押的交易结构和总结司法实践经验,相较于交付和公示两种传统公示方法,以质权人的实际控制作为动态质押的权利设立要件以及对外公示方法更贴合这种商事担保物权的实际运作。由此带来的思考是“唯以登记/交付为公示渠道”无法完全适应商事担保的需求,控制对于担保财产流动性强且能由特定主体实现实际控制的担保交易而言有很强的适应性,如账户担保、证券担保、期货合同担保等金融资产担保以及区块链技术发展引领下的数字资产担保,都亟待控制作为公示方法的确立以提升交易效率和保障交易安全,畅通融资途径。Dynamic pledge integrates certain characteristics of traditional chattel pledge and floating charge on movable property.It is a form of commercial security interest that businesses transform based on practical needs in commercial transactions.The publicity methods for dynamic pledges have unique features.Analyzing the transaction structure of dynamic pledges and summarizing judicial practice experience,it becomes apparent that control,as a requirement for establishing dynamic pledges,and external publicity methods are more fitting for the practical operation of this type of commercial security interest,compared with possession and registration.This prompts the consideration that relying solely on'registration/possession'as the publicity channel cannot fully meet the needs of commercial guarantees.Control,especially for secured transactions where the collateral property is highly liquid and can be controlled by specific entities,is highly adaptable.Examples include financial asset guarantees such as account pledges,securities pledges,futures contract guarantees,and digital asset guarantees under the development of blockchain technology.These forms of guarantees urgently require the establishment of control as a recognized method for publicizing security interests to facilitate smoother financing avenues for market participants.

关 键 词：动态质押 商事担保 公示方法 控制 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学]