内部模型对乒乓球运动员偏差决策的促进作用——基于HDDM的量化分析  

Promotion of Deviation Decisions in Table Tennis Players by Internal Model:A Quantitative Analysis Based on the HDDM

作　　者：陆颖之 陈奕衡 王吟月 栾梦恺 LU Yingzhi;CHEN Yiheng;WANG Yinyue;LUAN Mengkai(School of Psychology,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Research Center for Exercise and Brain Science,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Key Laboratory of Sports Cognition Assessment and Regulation of the General Administration of Sport of China,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育大学心理学院,上海200438 [2]上海体育大学运动与脑科学研究中心,上海200438 [3]上海体育大学国家体育总局运动认知评定与调控重点实验室,上海200438

出　　处：《上海体育大学学报》2024年第11期82-90,共9页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071089);国家自然科学基金青年项目(32300915)。

摘　　要：目的基于视觉的知觉-动作双系统理论,选取乒乓球发球动作作为研究对象,采用漂移扩散模型(DDM)探讨运动经验如何影响动作预期偏差的监控能力,旨在深化对于运动员认知加工机制的理解并提供理解运动控制和决策过程中细微差异的有效量化方法。方法通过DDM中的起始点和漂移率参数,分别量化被试基于内部模型的有效偏差感知以及动作控制过程中偏差证据的累积速度,实现对感知与动作决策过程的定量分离。结果运动员表现出更高的偏差感知敏感性,其起始点受偏差程度的影响,而新手不受影响。此外,运动员组在偏差程度变化时的漂移率调整更为精细。结论运动经验通过优化内部模型和形成特定认知策略的方式对动作预判和偏差监控过程产生影响,揭示了在高水平运动员运动表现中认知加工的多层次作用。Object Based on the perception-action double-system theory,this study selects the table tennis serve as the research object and uses the Drift Diffusion Model(DDM)to explore how motor experience affects the ability to monitor action anticipation deviations.Methods By quantifying the starting point and drift rate parameters in DDM,the study measures the effective deviation perception based on the internal model and the accumulation speed of deviation evidence during the action control process,achieving a quantitative separation of perception and action decision processes.Results Players exhibited higher sensitivity to deviation perception,with their starting points being influenced by the degree of deviation,while novices were not affected.Moreover,the players'group showed more refined adjustments in the drift rate with changes in deviation degree.Conclusion Motor experience produces the effect on action anticipation and deviation monitoring processes by optimizing the internal model and forming specific cognitive strategies,revealing the multi-level role of cognitive processing in high-level elite players.

关 键 词：偏差决策 运动经验 内部模型 分级化 漂移扩散模型 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]