“保障生态安全”的环境立法表达——以流域生态安全为中心展开  

Expression of‘safeguarding ecological security’in environmental legislation:centered on the ecological security of river basins

作　　者：孟庆瑜 李佳萌[2] 王耀华 MENG Qingyu;LI Jiameng;WANG Yaohua(State Law Governance Research Center,Hebei University,Baoding Hebei 071000,China;School of Law,Hebei University,Baoding Hebei 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学国家治理法治化研究中心,河北保定071000 [2]河北大学法学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2024年第9期153-161,共9页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“京津冀协同发展视域下白洋淀流域生态安全法治保障研究”(批准号:21AFX023);河北省教育厅在读研究生创新能力培养资助项目“生态安全视域下生态产品价值实现的法制完善研究”(批准号:CXZZBS2024015)。

摘　　要：相较于一般意义的生态环境保护与治理,“保障生态安全”因更加突出的底线控制思维与短板效应视角而兼具理论价值与实践意义。缘于生态安全尚存概念不清、定位不明的学理困境,“保障生态安全”虽在环境立法中提出,但未能具体且充分展开。实现“保障生态安全”在环境立法的表达完善应首先明晰生态安全的现有表达分异,并对其内涵与定位作出明确。鉴于生态安全必须从区域尺度衡量的基本特性,以及现有环境法律体系由基本法和大量以生态空间与要素为类型的单行法构成的基本情况,选取流域这一重要且典型的自然生态区域作为主要分析对象,阐明保障流域生态安全内容的具体构成,并分析保障流域生态安全在环境立法中的应然与实然。流域生态安全立法的完善理论上应当达至层级与要素的多维度关照、价值明确与内容充实的全面化展开,反观当前立法现状,相关立法关涉流域生态安全保障的规范则处于空白与重叠并存、模糊与整体关照不足的实然境地。生态环境法典编纂是推进生态环境法律体系化的重要方式,实现“保障生态安全”在环境立法中的良好表达可以生态环境法典编纂为契机。应首先明确生态安全整体性融入生态环境法律体系的路径选择,即不制定综合性较强的生态安全法,而是以“理念指引-原则遵循-制度实施”体系贯彻,在以“纂”为主的总则编中规定“保障生态安全”的立法目的、基本原则与基本制度,在以“编”为主的分编中体系化贯彻具体制度的构建,以最终形成整体上生态安全价值理念的立法彰显。Compared with the general sense of ecological environmental protection and governance,‘safeguarding ecological security’has both theoretical value and practical significance owing to the more prominent thinking of bottom-line control and the perspective of the short-board effect.Due to the theoretical dilemma of indistinct concepts and unclear positioning of ecological security,‘safeguarding ecological security’has been proposed in environmental legislation,yet it has not been fully and concretely developed.To achieve the perfection of the expression of‘safeguarding ecological security’in environmental legislation,we should first clarify the existing differences in the expression of ecological security,and pinpoint its connotation and positioning.Given the basic characteristic that ecological security must be measured on a regional scale and the basic situation that the existing environmental legal system consists of basic law and a large number of individual laws on the type of ecological space and elements,the river basins,regions with typical natural ecological significance,are chosen as the main object of this analysis,which aims to elucidate the specific composition of the content of safeguarding ecological security in the river basins and analyze its contingent and practical aspects in the environmental legislation.The perfection of basin ecological security legislation should not only involve the levels of the basins and elements in them from a multidimensional perspective in theory but also the comprehensive development of value clarity and content.From the current legislative status,the relevant legislation norms related to the safeguarding of ecological security in the basins are either insufficient or overlapping,vague in meaning,and receive low attention in the actual situation.Formulating ecological and environmental codes is an important way to promote the ecological environment law system,and achieving the sound expression of‘safeguarding ecological security’in environmental legisla

关 键 词：生态安全 流域 生态区域 环境法制 生态环境法典 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]