常用病毒载体系统的生物安全挑战及风险评估  

General Considerations on the Biosafety Challenges and Risk Assessment of Viral Vector Systems

作　　者：李晓燕[1] 鹿双双[1] 王嘉琪 卢子薇 刘美 吕超[1] 卢选成[1] LI Xiaoyan;LU Shuangshuang;WANG Jiaqi;LU Ziwei;LIU Mei;LYU Chao;LU Xuancheng(National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室,中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206

出　　处：《实验动物科学》2024年第5期80-87,共8页Laboratory Animal Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2301403)。

摘　　要：通过介绍常用病毒载体的特点、病毒载体系统运用的生物安全挑战及载体系统的生物和环境风险评估,为我国病毒载体系统研发及临床运用等方面提供参考依据。病毒载体系统将治疗性基因及其相关的调控元件传递到人类细胞核中,通过基因改造患者的细胞,从而治愈疾病或提高身体抵抗疾病的能力,改善患者的健康状况。病毒载体因其独特的基因传递特征和靶向特异性,已越来越成为向各种实验系统转运核酸的重要工具。病毒载体还在基因治疗和疾病防控等领域起着重要的作用,为解决人类遗传和获得性疾病提供了一种新的解决方法。利用病毒载体系统进行疾病防控及科学研究,需要了解病毒载体的特性、进行人类健康和环境风险等评估,且强调生物安全管理的重要性。Because of its unique gene delivery characteristics and targeting specificity,viral vector has become a more and more important tool for transporting nucleic acids to various experimental systems.It also plays an important role in the fields of gene therapy and disease prevention and control,providing a new approach to address both inherited and acquired diseases.The viral vector delivers therapeutic gene material and its associated regulatory elements into the nucleus and attempts to cure disease or improve body’s ability to fight disease by modifying the patient’s cells genetically,improving the health of the patients.The use of viral vector for disease prevention and scientific research requires understanding the characteristics of viral vectors,assessing human health and environmental risks,and further stresses the importance of biosafety governance.In this article,we introduced the characteristics of commonly used viral vector systems,some of the biosafety challenges and the biological and environmental risk assessment,providing reference for the research/clinical application of viral vector systems in China.

关 键 词：病毒载体 生物安全 风险评估 

分 类 号：Q95-3[生物学—动物学]