灌溉量和采收时期对番茄短期贮藏的影响  

Effects of Different Irrigation Volumes and Harvest Periods on Short-term Storage of Tomatoes

作　　者：周新原 左进华[1,3] 范胜男 刘明池 武占会[1,2,3] 陈婕 季延海[1,2,3] ZHOU Xinyuan;ZUO Jinhua;FAN Shengnan;LIU Mingchi;WU Zhanhui;CHEN Jie;JI Yanhai(Vegetable Research Institute,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;National Engineering Research Center for Vegetable,Beijing 100097,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Aff airs,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所,北京市农林科学院农产品加工与食品营养研究所,北京100097 [2]国家蔬菜工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [3]农业农村部都市农业华北重点实验室,北京100097

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2024年第11期57-63,共7页China Vegetables

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20240405);北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所改革与发展项目(KYCX202306);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-23-G-06)。

摘　　要：为探究亏缺灌溉处理和采收时期对番茄短期贮藏的影响,在日光温室基质栽培条件下,比较了3个灌溉量〔正常灌溉(CK)、轻度亏缺灌溉(T1)、中度亏缺灌溉(T2)〕下的5个不同成熟度(S1~S5)的番茄果实在室温下色泽、失重率、硬度、VC、可溶性糖、可滴定酸及过氧化物酶(POD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)的变化。结果表明,低灌溉量即中度亏缺灌溉(T2)的番茄在贮藏过程中的硬度、可溶性糖、VC含量和POD、PPO活性高于较高灌溉量的番茄,即正常灌溉(CK)和轻度亏缺灌溉(T1)的番茄,可滴定酸含量则相对较低;成熟度低的番茄在贮藏过程中能保持较好的外观品质,其抗氧化酶含量相对较高。综合灌溉量及采收成熟度来看,中度亏缺灌溉(T2)下S2时期的番茄贮藏品质最佳,更适宜短期贮藏。In order to explore the effects of deficit irrigation treatment and harvest time on tomato shortterm storage,the changes of color,weight loss rate,hardness,VC,soluble sugar,titratable acid,peroxidase(POD)and polyphenol oxidase(PPO)of tomato fruits with 5 types of different maturity(S1-S5)under 3 types of irrigation volume(normal irrigation CK,light deficit irrigation T1 and moderate deficit irrigation T2)were compared at under the conditions of substrate cultivation in a solar greenhouse.The results indicated that tomatoes of lower irrigated amount(moderate deficit irrigation T2)exhibited higher levels of hardness,soluble sugar,VC content,POD and PPO activities compared to those treated with higher irrigated amount(normal irrigation CK,light deficit irrigation T1),whereas the titratable acid content was relatively lower.Tomato with low maturity could keep good appearance quality during storage,and its antioxidant enzyme content was relatively higher.Considering the comprehensive irrigation volume and harvest maturity,the tomato storage quality of the S2 stage under moderate deficit irrigation(T2)was optimal and more suitable for short-term storage.

关 键 词：番茄 亏缺灌溉 成熟度 短期贮藏 品质 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]