饮食指导在糖尿病护理中的应用效果  

The Application Effectiveness of Dietary Guidance in Diabetes Mellitus Nursing

作　　者：谌绍婷 Chen Shaoting(Nanchang People's Hospital,Nanchang 330299,Jiangxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌市人民医院,江西南昌330299

出　　处：《中外医药研究》2024年第28期110-112,共3页JOURNAL OF CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY RESEARCH

摘　　要：目的:探讨饮食指导在糖尿病(DM)护理中的应用效果。方法:选取南昌市人民医院2020年12月—2023年5月收治的80例DM患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上加用饮食指导。对比两组血糖指标、膳食营养指标、对待疾病的态度、自我效能。结果:护理后,两组餐后2 h血糖、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、平均血糖波动幅度、日间血糖平均绝对差水平降低,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);护理后,两组蛋白质、钙升高,能量降低,观察组蛋白质、钙高于对照组,能量低于对照组(P<0.05);护理后,两组培训必要性、DM严重性、DM心理影响、控制血糖价值、患者自主权评分升高,观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);护理后,两组糖尿病自我效能量表评分升高,观察组高于对照组(P<0.001)。结论:对DM患者行饮食指导,不仅能控制血糖水平,还能确保患者获得全面且均衡的营养,改善患者对待疾病的态度,提高自我效能。Objective:To explore the application effect of dietary guidance in diabetes mellitus(DM)nursing.Methods:Eighty cases of DM patients admitted to Nanchang People's Hospital from December 2020 to May 2023 were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,each with forty cases.The control group used conventional care,and the observation group added dietary guidance on the basis of the control group.The two groups were compared in terms of glycemic indexes,dietary nutritional indexes,attitudes toward disease,and self-efficacy.Results:After nursing,levels of 2 h postprandial blood glucose,fasting blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin,mean amplitude of glucose excursion,mean of daily difference decreased in the two groups,and the observation group was lower than the control group(P<0.05);after nursing,protein and calcium increased,and the energy decreased in the two groups,and the observation group's protein and calcium were higher than that of the control group,and its energy was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);after nursing,the scores of the necessity of training,DM severity,psychological impact of DM,value of blood glucose control,and patient autonomy were elevated in the two groups,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05);after nursing,the scores of Diabetes Self-efficacy Scale were elevated in the two groups,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.001).Conclusion:Dietary guidance for DM patients can not only control blood glucose levels,but also ensure that patients receive comprehensive and balanced nutrition,improve their attitude toward the disease,and enhance self-efficacy.

关 键 词：糖尿病 饮食指导 血糖 膳食营养 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]