不同柱花草种质耐低磷综合评价及低磷响应基因挖掘  

Evaluation of low phosphorus tolerance and identification of low phosphorus responsive genes in various Stylosanthes guianensis accessions

作　　者：王林杰 邹晓燕 董荣书[1] 王文强[1] 刘国道[1] 陈志坚[1] WANG LinJie;ZOU XiaoYan;DONG RongShu;WANG WenQiang;LIU GuoDao;CHEN ZhiJian(Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences,Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair,Haikou 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,农业农村部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,海口571101

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2024年第10期1988-2002,共15页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31861143013,31801951);国家牧草产业技术体系岗位科学家项目(批准号:CARS-34)资助。

摘　　要：磷是植物生长发育所必需的大量营养元素之一,参与光合作用、呼吸作用和能量代谢等重要过程.柱花草是重要的热带豆科牧草,其对热带酸性土壤低磷胁迫的适应性表现出基因型差异.本研究对30份柱花草种质进行了耐低磷综合评价分析并挖掘了根系低磷响应基因.结果表明,低磷处理显著抑制了柱花草地上部的生长,然而,低磷促进了根系的生长,且不同柱花草种质耐低磷能力存在显著差异.综合评价分析表明,不同柱花草种质可分为耐低磷种质(3份)、不耐低磷种质(14份)和中间型种质(13份)三大类型.其中,耐低磷柱花草种质“TF0277”可以通过增加总根长、根表面积、根体积以适应低磷胁迫.本研究进一步通过转录组分析挖掘到柱花草“TF0277”根系低磷响应差异表达基因1496个,包括791低磷上调表达和705个低磷下调表达基因.参与磷活化利用、磷吸收和转运以及磷信号调控等相关基因可能在柱花草“TF0277”适应低磷胁迫中发挥重要作用.因此,挖掘耐低磷柱花草种质和低磷响应基因可为培育磷高效柱花草新品种提供种质材料和基因资源.Phosphorus(P)is one of the essential macronutrients for plant growth and development,and it participates in important processes including photosynthesis,respiration and energy metabolism in plants.Stylosanthes guianensis is an important tropical leguminous forage.The adaptability of S.guianensis to low P stress exhibits genotypic variations.In this study,a comprehensive evaluation of low P tolerance in 30 S.guianensis accessions was conducted,and low P responsive genes were identified in S.guianensis roots.Our results showed that S.guianensis shoot growth was inhibited but the root growth was enhanced by low-P treatment,and genotypic variations in low P tolerance were observed among different S.guianensis accessions.Comprehensive evaluation analysis showed that various S.guianensis accessions could be divided into three groups,including three low-P-tolerant accessions,14 low-Pintolerant accessions,and 13 intermediate accessions.Among them,the low-P-tolerant accession“TF0277”can adapt to low P stress by increasing total root length,root surface area and root volume.A total of 1496 differentially expressed genes were identified in the roots of low-P-tolerant S.guianensis accession“TF0277”through transcriptome analysis,including 791 upregulated and 705 downregulated genes.Furthermore,genes involved in P mobilization and utilization,P uptake and transport,and P signaling regulation may play important roles in the adaptation of S.guianensis“TF0277”to low P stress.Therefore,exploring low-P-tolerant S.guianensis germplasm and identifying candidate genes for low P tolerance will provide elite germplasm and gene resources for breeding new S.guianensis varieties with high P efficiency.

关 键 词：柱花草 低磷胁迫 隶属函数分析 转录组 低磷响应基因 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]