“青词”概念及其文体演变发覆  

The Exploratory Study of Qing Ci’s Concept and Style Evolution

作　　者：魏宏远[1] 吴冬莉 Wei Hongyuan;Wu Dongli(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学文学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《西北民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期176-185,共10页Journal of Northwest Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项项目“古典诗教文道传统的当代阐释及教育实践”(项目编号:2024JZDZ049);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“明代‘名贤碑传’文献整理与研究”(项目编号:2023jbkyzx004)。

摘　　要：青词初为道教奏章祝文,因太清宫斋醮停祝版而产生。“青词”取自书写纸张的颜色,“清词”则与斋醮场所太清宫有关,且由于音乐性,初定名为“词”而非“辞”。青词虽产生于玄门,但撰写者与体例都打上了世俗文书烙印,撰写者为翰林学士,格式上则仿唐代表章。自晚唐杜光庭之后,青词逐渐脱离太清宫,向普通斋醮词过渡,至宋程式化书写减少,抒情成分增加,进而分化出宫廷斋醮青词与民间斋醮青词不同类型。这也使“青词”由最初的文体概念向文类概念转变,后世更将绿章、对联、绝句等醮词视为青词,青词逐渐向纯文学靠拢,成为融合宗教学、文体学和民俗学的特殊文类。As memorials to the emperor and worshiping texts of Taoism,Qing Ci came into being because Taoist temples stopped using worshiping tablets in their rites.Qing Ci is named after the color of paper,and is related with Taoist temples as the rite locations;due to its musicality,it is named as“词”(ci,lyric)rather than“辞”(ci,a form of classical poetry).Although Qing Ci was created by Taoists,writers and styles of Qing Ci were branded with features of secular documents,most of which were written by Hanlin scholars,and followed the style of memorials to the emperor in the Tang Dynasty.After Du Guangting in the late Tang Dynasty,Qing Ci gradually broke away from Taoist temples,and made a transition to Ci for ordinary rites.By the end of the Song Dynasty,the stylized writing decreased,the lyrical elements increased,and Qing Ci was divided into two different type——palace rite Qing Ci and folk rite Qing Ci.This also makes Qing Ci evolve from the original stylistic concept to a genre concept,and later generations regard lüzhanɡ,couplets and quatrains as Qing Ci.Qing Ci gradually developed toward pure literature,and became a special genre inte-grating religion,stylistics and folklore.

关 键 词：青词 绿章 文体概念 文类概念 文体演变 

分 类 号：I276[文学—中国文学]