活性炭残留对饮用水输配系统中水质风险和微生物群落的影响  

Effects of activated carbon residues on water quality and microbial communities in drinking water distribution systems

作　　者：陈友怡 庄素敏 罗凯茵 朱嘉淇 邢学辞 张发根 胡春 陈朝湘 马琨瑜 陈锦荣 CHEN Youyi;ZHUANG Sumin;LUO Kaiyin;ZHU Jiaqi;XING Xueci;ZHANG Fagen;HU Chun;CHEN Chaoxiang;MA Kunyu;CHEN Jinrong(Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta,Ministry of Education,Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006;Nanzhou Waterworks of Guangzhou Water Supply Co.Ltd.,Guangzhou 510000)

机构地区：[1]广州大学大湾区环境研究院珠江三角洲水质安全与保护教育部重点实验室,广州510006 [2]广州市自来水有限公司南洲水厂,广州510000

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第10期206-217,共12页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：广东省“珠江人才计划”引进创新创业团队项目(No.2019ZT08L387);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52000043,51838005);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(No.2024A1515010835,2023A1515011509);广州市科技计划市校联合资助项目(No.2024A03J0088,202201020177);2023年广州大学研究生“基础创新”项目;广东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.s202211078168);广州大学第十九届“挑战杯”学术科技作品竞赛一般项目(No.2024TZBNAJ0710)。

摘　　要：为探究饮用水处理过程中的活性炭残留对后续饮用水输配系统(DWDSs)的水质影响,为保障饮用水水质安全提供理论基础,本研究通过对炭滤池出水投加20 mg·L^(-1)活性炭颗粒,转入含铸铁片的棕色试剂瓶中模拟DWDSs运行并对其水质变化进行表征.基于实时荧光定量PCR技术对模拟DWDSs水体微生物总量以及典型条件致病菌(OPs)进行检测,同时对溶解性有机物组成、腐蚀产物、胞外聚合物(EPS)进行表征分析,通过宏基因组学分析微生物群落结构和功能基因表达,分析活性炭残留诱导的DWDSs水质变化情况.结果表明,活性炭残留可诱导DWDSs中微生物总量和活性显著升高,产生更多的胞内活性氧,其中分枝杆菌属和铜绿假单胞菌属两种典型OPs生长得到促进.宏基因组数据显示,活性炭残留诱导DWDSs中微生物细胞色素c基因丰度升高,强化了微生物基于细胞色素c的胞外电子转移,进一步提高了微生物代谢活性.另一方面,活性炭残留导致生物膜凝聚性和稳定性显著提高,微生物整体抗氯性也因此增强.受活性炭残留影响,DWDSs中微生物群落结构发生显著改变,吸附在活性炭上的有机污染物、生物絮凝体可能诱发微生物泄漏风险,进而影响饮用水水质安全.This study aimed to investigate the impacts of activated carbon residues from the drinking water treatment process on the water quality of the subsequent drinking water distribution systems(DWDSs)and provide a theoretical basis for ensuring the safety of drinking water quality.To simulate DWDSs,20 mg·L^(-1) activated carbon particles were introduced into the effluent of the activated carbon filter and transferred into the brown bottle with cast iron piece to characterize their water quality changes.The microbial biomass,as well as typical opportunistic pathogens(OPs)in the simulated DWDSs water,were detected based on real-time quantitative PCR,while dissolved organic matter composition,corrosion by-products,and extracellular polymers(EPS)were characterized and analyzed,and microbial community structure and related gene expression were analyzed by matagenomics to reveal the changes in pipeline network water quality.The results show that residual activated carbon could induce a significant increase in biomass and activity of microorganisms in DWDSs,producing more intracellular reactive oxygen species,in which the growth of two typical OPs(Mycobacterium spp.and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)were promoted.Matagenomics analysis showed that residual activated carbon led to an increase in the abundance of microbial cytochrome c-related genes in DWDSs,which enhanced the microbial cytochrome-c based extracellular electron transfer and further promoted microbial metabolic activity.On the other hand,activated carbon residues led to a significant increase in biofilm flocculation and stability,thus the overall microbial chlorine resistance was enhanced.Affected by the residual activated carbon,the microbial community structure in DWDSs has undergone significant changes,and organic contaminants and bioflocs adsorbed on the active carbon may induce microbial leakage risk,thereby affecting the safety of drinking water quality.

关 键 词：活性炭残留 饮用水 条件致病菌(OPs) 胞外聚合物(EPS) 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]