Balancing selection shapes population differentiation of major histocompatibility complex genes in wild golden snub-nosed monkeys  

作　　者：Shixuan Dong Bingyi Zhang Kang Huang Meijing Ying Jibing Yan Fei Niu Hanyu Hu Derek W.Dunn Yi Ren Baoguo Li Pei Zhang 

机构地区：[1]Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation,College of Life Sciences,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China [2]Education Department,Xi’an Gaoxin No.5 High School,Xi’an 710404,China [3]Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation,Shaanxi Institute of Zoology,Xi’an 710032,China

出　　处：《Current Zoology》2024年第5期596-606,共11页动物学报（英文版）

基　　金：funded by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB31020302);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730104,31770425,32071495,32170515,32070453,and 32000317);Derek W.Dunn was supported by a Shaanxi Province Talents 100 Fellowships.

摘　　要：Small and isolated populations face several intrinsic risks,such as genetic drift,inbreeding depression,and reduced gene fow.Thus,patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation have become an important focus of conservation genetics research.The golden snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana,an endangered species endemic to China,has experienced rapid reduction in population size and severe population fragmentation over the past few decades.We measured the patterns of genetic diversity and population differentiation using both neutral microsatellites and adaptive major histocompatibility complex(MHC)genes in 2 R.roxellana populations(DPY and GNG)distributed on the northern and southern slopes of the Qinling Mountains,respectively.Eight MHC-linked haplotypes formed by 5 DQA1 alleles,5 DQB1 alleles,5 DRB1 alleles,and 4 DRB2 alleles were detected in the 2 populations.The larger GNG population showed higher genetic variation for both MHC and microsatellites than the smaller DPY population,suggesting an effect of genetic drift on genetic variation.Genetic differentiation index(FST)outlier analyses,principal coordinate analysis(PCoA),and inferred population genetic structure showed lower genetic differentiation in the MHC variations than microsatellites,suggesting that pathogen-mediated balancing selection,rather than local adaptation,homogenized the MHC genes of both populations.This study indicates that both balancing selection and genetic drift may shape genetic variation and differentiation in small and fragmented populations.

关 键 词：balancing selection genetic diversity major histocompatibility complex population differentiation Rhinopithecus roxellana 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]