Responses of birds to observers holding popguns:Hunting history infuences escape behavior of urban birds  

作　　者：Kaiqi Yuan Shuang Yang Jianping Liu Wei Liang 

机构地区：[1]Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands,Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province,College of Life Sciences,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,China [2]Department of Ecology,College of Biological Sciences and Engineering,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China

出　　处：《Current Zoology》2024年第5期631-636,共6页动物学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32160242 to JL and 32270526 to WL);the specifc research fund of The Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province;SY was supported by the Hainan Province Postdoctoral Research Project.

摘　　要：Human activities affect bird behavior both directly and indirectly.Birds constantly regulate their behavior in response to human disturbance.Gun hunting,a major directional disturbance,puts enormous selection pressure on birds.In China,gun bans have been in place for nearly 30 years,and little hunting using guns occurs in modern cities.However,little attention has been paid to whether a history of hunting still affects the behavioral adaptations of urban birds.In this study,we compared the flight initiation distance(FiD)of the Eurasian tree sparrow Passer montanus,Azure-winged magpie Cyanopica cyanus,Common hoopoe Upupa epops and Eurasian magpie Pica pica in the presence of observers with or without popguns.The Eurasian tree sparrow,Azure-winged magpie,and Eurasian magpie effectively recognized the difference between the observers,and perceived the armed observer as a greater threat,exhibiting earlier escape behavior,but this phenomenon was not found in the Common hoopoe.The different expressions in FID of experimental bird species in China cities may be affected by the different levels of recognition of huntingpressuredue todifferent hunting histories.

关 键 词：anthropogenic disturbance BIRD human hunting history flight initiation distance predation risk. 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]