“中国草”--苎麻西传史  

“China Grass”:The History of Ramie s Spread to the West

作　　者：黄田 HUANG Tian(University of Hamburg,Hamburg 20146,Germany)

机构地区：[1]汉堡大学汉学系,汉堡20146

出　　处：《自然科学史研究》2024年第3期350-363,共14页Studies in The History of Natural Sciences

摘　　要：大航海时代开启后,西方人分别从中国、日本等各条路径观察到了苎麻及其制成品麻布,进行了初步的物种交流和商品交换,并在近代生物分类学发展的背景下,初步搜集了苎麻的相关知识。第一次鸦片战争前后,列强了解到苎麻蕴含的潜在商业价值,推动了玛高温、儒莲等旅华传教士和西方汉学家对苎麻实物、工艺和文献的大规模引进,并掀起了苎麻研究浪潮,苎麻也在此时被称为“中国草”。此后不久,苎麻加工业发展为欧洲的一项重要产业。从长时段和全球史视角来看,苎麻西传史是一个融合了近代科学体系发展、知识交流与生产、国家间科技合作与竞争、产研结合的累进和迭代更新的综合过程。After the beginning of Age of Discovery,Westerners noticed Ramie and fabrics made from it from China,Japan,and elsewhere,resulting in exchanges of species and commodities.Against the background of the development of modern taxonomy,relevant knowledge about Ramie was also collected.Around the time of the First Opium War,the Western powers became fully aware of the potential commercial value of Ramie,known then as“China grass”,leading to extensive introductions to this plant,its processing technology and relevant literature by foreign missionaries in China and Western Sinologists,especially Macgowan and Julien,setting off a wave of Ramie research.Thereafter,the Ramie processing industry developed rapidly into an important sector in the West.From a long-term and global historical perspective,the history of Ramie s spread to the West was a comprehensive process with progressive and iterative updates,which integrated the development of modern scientific systems,knowledge exchange and production,scientific and technological cooperation and competition between countries,and the integration of industry and research.

关 键 词：苎麻 近代科学体系 知识交流和生产 产研结合 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]