内源逆转录病毒在肿瘤和人类其他疾病中的研究进展  

Research progress of endogenous retroviruses in tumors and other human diseases

作　　者：李书瑶 张敬恒 冉致 黄璨华 王序娟 李银双 刘晶 匡春梅 袁凯 LI ShuYao;ZHANG JingHeng;RAN Zhi;HUANG CanHua;WANG XuJuan;LI YinShuang;LIU Jing;KUANG ChunMei;YUAN Kai(Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine,Department of Oncology,Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,Changsha 410008,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics,School of Life Sciences,Central South University,Changsha 410078,China;School of Medicine,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;The Biobank of Xiangya Hospital,Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,Changsha 410008,China;Furong Laboratory,Changsha 410008,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医院肿瘤科,精准分子医学湖南省重点实验室,长沙410008 [2]中南大学生命科学学院,医学遗传学湖南省重点实验室,长沙410078 [3]湖南师范大学医学院,长沙410081 [4]中南大学湘雅医院临床生物样本中心,长沙410008 [5]芙蓉实验室,长沙410008

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2024年第11期2167-2180,共14页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:32370821);湖南省科技创新领军人才(拔尖)项目(批准号:2023RC1028);湖南省芙蓉实验室科研攻关项目(批准号:2023SK2091)资助。

摘　　要：内源逆转录病毒(endogenous retroviruses,ERVs)是在物种进化的漫长过程中,由于外源逆转录病毒感染并整合至宿主基因组所遗留的原病毒序列.近年来的研究表明,人类(Homo Sapiens)基因组中的人内源逆转录病毒(human endogenous retroviruses,HERVs)既可以调控胚胎发育,也与肿瘤、衰老和神经退行性疾病有一定的联系.本文对HERVs的起源和表达调控机制,及其在恶性肿瘤、衰老与神经退行性疾病中发挥的功能予以综述,重点讨论HERVs在肿瘤中的双面作用.这有助于人们更加全面深刻地了解HERVs的各项生理和病理功能,探讨其作为潜在新型生物标志物与干预靶点的前景,并为相关疾病的防治提供新思路.Endogenous retroviruses(ERVs)are remnants of exogenous retrovirus that have infected the host and integrated into the host’s genome during evolution.A series of recent studies have shown that human endogenous retroviruses(HERVs)in human genome not only regulate embryonic development,but also manifest non-negligible associations with human malignancy,as well as aging and neurodegenerative diseases.This article reviews the origin and regulatory mechanisms of HERVs;their roles in malignant tumors,aging,and neurodegenerative diseases,with a special focus on the dual functions of HERVs in tumorigenesis.Such insights will help us better understand the physiological and pathological significance of HERVs,and stimulate the development of HERV-oriented diagnostic and therapeutic strategies,providing new clues for the prevention and intervention of the related human diseases.

关 键 词：人内源逆转录病毒 肿瘤 衰老 神经退行性疾病 病毒拟态 肿瘤特异性抗原 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]