轻质高强交联聚苯乙烯泡沫的软模板法制备——从块材到选择性透过膜材料  

Soft template-based preparation of light-weight and high-strength cross-linked polystyrene foams——from monoliths to selective permeable membranes

作　　者：王佩 何怡楠 罗艳彦 彭军霞[1] 房喻[1] Pei Wang;Yinan He;Yanyan Luo;Junxia Peng;Yu Fang(Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学应用表面与胶体化学教育部重点实验室,陕西师范大学化学化工学院,西安710119

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2024年第10期1663-1669,共7页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:22132002,21273141,91027017,20773083)资助项目。

摘　　要：轻质高强高分子泡沫材料具有隔音降噪、保温节能、缓冲减震等突出性能,在高端制造领域应用广泛.然而,品种少、制备技术门槛高等突出问题的存在严重制约了其应用.本文在回顾已有轻质高强高分子泡沫材料品种和制备工艺的基础上,重点介绍了作者团队在过去十几年里发展起来的软模板基轻质高强交联聚苯乙烯泡沫(STPS)材料的制备工艺和材料特点,以及从高载荷承力块材到选择性透过膜材料的实现策略.在此基础上,对比了STPS膜材料与膨体/烧结聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)膜的制备工艺和性能特点,展望了凝胶乳液模板法工艺与STPS泡沫材料的未来发展趋势.Light-weight,high-strength polymer foams have outstanding properties such as sound insulation,thermal insulation,energy saving,cushioning,shock absorption,and have found broad applications in high-end manufacturing.However,the limited varieties and high technical barriers in preparation severely restrict their practical applications.This feature article focused on the introduction of the characteristics and preparation process of a novel kind of lightweight,high-strength cross-linked polystyrene foams,as well as the implementation strategy from high-load bearing monoliths to high-performance membranes,where the porous materials are named as Soft Template-based Polystyrene Foams(STPS).Comparisons of the STPS membranes with the developed and commercially available high-performance expanded/sintered polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) membranes were made.In addition,perspectives on the future development of the STPS materials and the related preparation techniques were provided.

关 键 词：高分子泡沫 凝胶乳液 软模板基交联聚苯乙烯泡沫 选择性透过膜 

分 类 号：TB383.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]