矿柱群荷载下双层磷矿房柱式开采底板应力迁移特征  

Stress Migration Characteristics of Floor in Room-and-Pillar Mining of Double-Layer Phosphate Rock Under the Load of Pillar Group

作　　者：苏辕 刘晓云[1] 罗斌玉 杨世荣 郝俊艳 李鹏程 SU Yuan;LIU Xiaoyun;LUO Binyu;YANG Shirong;HAO Junyan;LI Pengcheng(College of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430081,China;Faculty of Materials Science,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 43008l,China;State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mines,Maanshan,Anhui 243000,China;Hubei Yihua Group Mining Co.,Ltd.,Yichang,Hubei 443100,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430081 [2]武汉科技大学材料学部,湖北武汉430081 [3]金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室,安徽马鞍山市243000 [4]湖北宜化集团矿业有限公司,湖北宜昌市443100

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第11期46-55,共10页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：武汉市知识创新专项项目(曙光计划项目)(2022010801020307);2022年湖北省应急管理厅安全专项资金项目(SJZX20220907);金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室开放基金项目(2022-JSKSSYS-01)。

摘　　要：开采近距离多层矿体时,下层矿体开采的安全性受到上层矿采空区矿柱底板应力迁移规律的影响。为研究在矿柱群荷载作用下的底板应力传递规律,以某磷矿为研究对象,从半无限空间体理论出发,将矿柱群底板荷载分布规律视为周期性方波,采用余弦函数近似表征方波的波函数(矿柱群底板应力分布)。采用逆解法建立了底板应力传递的方波模型。运用数值模拟方法研究了两种不同本构关系(弹性模型和摩尔-库仑模型)下采空区底板的应力集中程度和矿柱群的能量储存耗散规律。结果表明:在弹性本构模型下,采空区矿柱传递的荷载和储存的弹性能越多,底板应力集中越高;在弹塑性本构模型下,采区中心区域矿柱产生破坏,能量发生耗散,底板应力集中程度较小;在矿柱荷载作用下,底板15 m范围内存在较大的应力集中,矿柱下3 m处应力值最高。研究结果为近距离多层矿体房柱式开采的地压控制提供了参考。During mining close-distance multi-layer ore bodies,the safety of the lower ore body mining is affected by the stress migration law of the pillar and floor in the goaf of upper ore.In order to investigate the stress transfer law of the floor under the load of pillar group,taking a phosphate rock mine as the research object,based on the theory of semi-infinite space,the load distribution law of the floor of the pillar group was regarded as a periodic square wave,and the cosine function was used to approximate the wave function of the square wave(the stress distribution of the floor of the pillar group),the square wave model of floor stress transfer was established by inverse method.The stress concentration degree of goaf floor and the energy storage-dissipation law of the pillar group were investigated by numerical method under two different constitutive relationships(elastic model and Mohr-Coulomb model).The results show that the more load transferred and elastic energy stored on the pillars in goaf under the elastic constitutive model,the higher the stress concentration of the floor.Under the elastic-plastic constitutive model,the pillar in the central area of the mining area is damaged and the energy is dissipated,and the stress concentration of the floor is small.Under the action of pillar load,there is a large stress concentration within 15 m of the floor,and the stress value is the highest at 3 m below the pillar.The research results provide a reference for the ground pressure control of room-and-pillar mining of close-distance multi-layer ore bodies.

关 键 词：多层矿体 底板应力迁移 矿柱群 应力集中系数 房柱法开采 

分 类 号：TD853.32[矿业工程—金属矿开采]