地震映像法在探明隧道底部隐伏岩溶中的研究  

The Study of Seismic Imaging Method in Detecting Hidden Karst at the Bottom of Tunnel

作　　者：王树栋[1] 牟元存[1] 高树全[1] 李星 刘祖富[1] 刘鑫[1] 常聚友[1] WANG Shudong;MU Yuancun;GAO Shuquan;LI Xing;LIU Zufu;LIU Xin;CHANG Juyou(China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.Ltd,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2024年第10期52-56,69,共6页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

摘　　要：研究目的:在建高速铁路岩溶隧道的施工,要探明隧道底部影响隧道安全的隐伏岩溶进行工程整治,确定采用何种方法才能快速探明其岩溶的深度、性质和范围,由此提出采用地震映像法,本文对其展开研究。研究结论:(1)采用地震映像法的偏移距、同相轴断裂宽度特征,与相邻测线斜向近距离同特征的平面物理连通,以及正验计算统计其岩溶波速,反验解释其岩溶形态并钻孔验证,达到快速探明隧道底部影响隧道安全的隐伏岩溶的深度、性质和范围可行;(2)能探明隧道底部多条测线下最大深度达30 m内不同深度的岩溶较发育和岩溶发育、充填黏土溶洞、空腔溶洞、残留洞渣,进行工程整治,整治要确定最佳有效方案,其分别对应于水泥注浆、高压旋喷桩、桩板结构或砌石支墩、清除残留洞渣,以及整治后的隧道底部强度稳定,不下沉不上拱,并确保岩溶水排泄畅通,就能确保隧道安全;(3)要重视隧道底部仰拱二次填充层施工质量的力棒敲击检测,振声均达质量完整的实响声;(4)本研究成果可为铁路、公路岩溶隧道等领域快速探明隧道底部影响隧道安全的隐伏岩溶的深度、性质和范围,确定最佳有效整治方案提供参考。Research purposes:In the construction of karst tunnel of high-speed railway,it is necessary to find out the hidden karst at the bottom of the tunnel,which affects the safety of the tunnel,and what method can be used to quickly find out the depth,nature and range of the karst,therefore,the seismic imaging method is proposed and studied in this paper.Research conclusions:(1)Using the migration distance and fault width characteristics of the seismic imaging method,the plane physical connection with the adjacent survey line in oblique direction and short distance with the same characteristics,and the positive calculation and statistics of karst wave velocity,it is feasible to karst morpolohgy and drill holes to quickly discover the depth,nature and range of the hidden karst at the bottom of the tunnel which affects the safety of the tunnel.(2)It can detect the karst development and karst development,clay-filled karst caves,cavity karst caves and residual slag in different depths under the maximum depth of 30 m under the multiple survey lines at the bottom of the tunnel,and carry out engineering treatment,it is necessary to determine the best and effective scheme,which corresponds to cement grouting,high-pressure jet grouting pile,pile-board structure or masonry buttress,removal of residual slag,and the strength of the tunnel bottom after treatment is stable and does not sink or arch,and to ensure the smooth discharge of karst water,can ensure the safety of the tunnel.(3)We should pay attention to the inspection of the construction quality of the secondary filling layer of the inverted arch at the bottom of the tunnel.(4)The research results can be used to quickly find out the depth,nature and range of the hidden karst at the bottom of the tunnel,which affects the safety of the tunnel,to determine the best effective treatment program for reference.

关 键 词：地震映像法 快速探明 岩溶 工程整治 强度稳定 隧道安全 

分 类 号：TU473.16[建筑科学—结构工程]