2010—2020年国家重点生态功能区生态质量改善效果评价  

Evaluation of the ecological quality improvement effect of the National Key Ecological Function Zones from 2010 to 2020

作　　者：张佳文 祁帆 张定祥 邹立 袁承程 ZHANG Jiawen;QI Fan;ZHANG Dingxiang;ZOU Li;YUAN Chengcheng(College of Land Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;China Land Surveying and Planning Institute,Beijing 100035,China;Green Food Development Station of Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County,Hechi 547199,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院,北京100193 [2]中国国土勘测规划院,北京100035 [3]环江毛南族自治县绿色食品发展站,河池547199

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第21期9723-9735,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(42001224);国家自然科学面上基金(42271105)。

摘　　要：国家重点生态功能区战略实施已超10年,适时开展重点生态功能区生态质量改善效果评价,对生态功能区政策实施、发展与完善具有重要意义。通过构建生态质量改善效果评价理论框架,综合运用驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应(DPSIR)模型、InVEST模型和障碍度模型等方法,依据中国陆域生态基础分区并以县域为评价单元,评价2010—2020年428个国家首批重点生态功能区县的生态质量改善水平,并利用障碍度模型识别重点生态功能区生态质量改善障碍因子。研究结果:(1)总体而言,2010—2020年国家重点生态功能区生态质量提升水平整体较高,生态质量提升为“高”“中”水平等级的区县数量占国家重点生态功能区区县总数的86.45%,六大生态区生态质量提升水平高低次序为东南生态区>长江及川滇重点生态区>黄河重点生态区>西北生态区>青藏高原生态区>东北生态区。(2)浑善达克区、阴山北麓区和桂黔滇喀斯特区的生态环境质量、林地占比或草地占比等有较为显著的提升,塔里木河区、三峡库区的夜间灯光指数增大,植被覆盖度和净初级生产力降低明显,生态系统压力增大。(3)产业发展驱动、湿地政策响应、植被覆盖状态、生物栖息功能和人口承载压力是国家重点生态功能区生态质量改善的主要障碍因子。研究结果可为国家重点生态功能区的生态环境质量建设提供参考依据。It has been more than 10 years since the implementation of the planning strategy of National Key Ecological Function Zones.Therefore,it is of great significance to evaluate the ecological quality improvement effect of National Key Ecological Function Zones at the appropriate time,in order to promote the implementation and improvement of relevant ecological policies,which will also facilitate the development of Main Functional Area Planning.By constructing a theoretical framework for evaluating the effect of ecological quality improvement,and comprehensively applying the Driving force-Pressure-State-Impact-Response(abbreviated as DPSIR)model,the InVEST model and the obstacle degree model,we evaluated the ecological quality improvement level of the first batch of National Key Ecological Function Zones from 2010 to 2020 which cover 428 districts in total.And we zoned the study area on the basis of China′s terrestrial ecological base zones and with districts as the minimal evaluation unit.Furthermore,the obstacle degree model was utilized to identify the factors of ecological quality improvement in National Key Ecological Function Zones.The results showed that:(1)Generally speaking,the level of ecological quality enhancement in National Key Ecological Functional Zones from 2010 to 2020 was high,and the number of districts with the ecological quality enhancement level of"high"and"medium"was account for 86.45%of the total number of districts in National Key Ecological Functional Zones,which is a very large proportion of our study area.The order of ecological quality improvement level in the six ecological zones is as follows:Southeast Ecological Zones>Yangtze River and Sichuan-Yunnan Key Ecological Zones>Yellow River Key Ecological Zones>Northwest Ecological Zones>Tibetan Plateau Ecological Zones>Northeast Ecological Zones.(2)Particularly,the ecological environment quality and proportion of woodland or grassland in Hunshandake Desertification Control Ecological Functional Area,Northern Foothills of Yinshan Mountains

关 键 词：重点生态功能区 生态质量评价 驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应(DPSIR)模型 InVEST模型 

分 类 号：X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程]