基于优化IPCC方法的中国稻田甲烷排放量估算  

Estimation of methane emission from typical rice areas in China based on optimized IPCC method

作　　者：夏唯一 樊畅 张戈丽 XIA Weiyi;FAN Chang;ZHANG Geli(School of Public Administration and Policy,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;College of Land Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学公共管理学院,北京100872 [2]中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第21期9826-9835,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42171115);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2024RC019)。

摘　　要：稻田是重要的农业甲烷排放源,估算其排放量的大小及变化趋势对于气候变化问题具有重要意义。但当前区域或国家尺度上的稻田甲烷排放估算研究中,高精度水稻时空分布数据的应用较为缺乏,估算结果仍存在较大不确定性。因此,基于2019年政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)更新的《国家温室气体清单指南》中提出的稻田甲烷排放估算方法,更新了我国水稻种植分布与日排放因子EF,在此基础上估算2015年我国稻田甲烷排放总量并探讨我国稻田甲烷排放的区域特征。研究表明:①2015年我国稻田甲烷排放总量为7.541(6.866—8.216)Tg CH_(4)/a。其中,华中、华南和华东地区作为最大水稻分布区,其稻田甲烷排放量整体较高。全国日排放因子基准值(EFc)的平均值为1.231(1.121—1.341)kg CH4 hm^(-2) d^(-1),全国日排放因子调整值(EFi)的平均值为1.764(1.606—1.922)kg CH4 hm^(-2) d^(-1)。②日排放因子基准值(EFc)较高的区域主要分布在西南和华南地区,而日排放因子调整值EFi较高的区域主要分布在华东和华南地区。③受人为因素影响,华南、华东以及华中等地区的EFi显著提升,而西北、港澳台地区等的EFi显著下降,表明人类活动在影响稻田甲烷排放的因素中起主导作用。本研究通过进一步明晰不同区域的稻田甲烷日排放因子,优化了我国的稻田甲烷排放估算结果,为气候变化背景下估算稻田产生的甲烷排放量提供了思路,同时也为双碳目标背景下农业部门制定稻田减排措施和重塑作物格局提供了定量数据支撑。Paddy fields are a significant source of agricultural methane emissions,making the estimation of their emission levels and trends crucial for addressing climate change.However,current research on methane emissions from paddy fields at regional or national scales often lacks the application of high-resolution spatiotemporal data on rice distribution,leading to considerable uncertainties in the estimates.To address this gap,we have utilized the updated methodology for estimating methane emissions from paddy fields as outlined in the 2019 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.This involved updating the distribution of rice cultivation across China and refining the daily emission factors(EF).Building on this foundation,we estimated the total methane emissions from China′s paddy fields in 2015 and analyzed the regional characteristics of these emissions.The study reveals the following key findings:①In 2015,the total methane emissions from China′s paddy fields amounted to 7.541(6.866—8.216)Tg CH4 per year.The central,southern,and eastern regions of China,which are the primary rice⁃growing areas,exhibited significantly higher methane emissions from paddy fields compared to other regions.The national average baseline daily emission factor(EFc)was determined to be 1.231(1.121—1.341)kg CH_(4) per hectare per day,whereas the adjusted daily emission factor(EFi)averaged 1.764(1.606—1.922)kg CH4 per hectare per day.②The study also identified regions with higher baseline daily emission factors(EFc),which were predominantly found in the southwest and southern parts of China.In contrast,areas with higher adjusted daily emission factors(EFi)were primarily located in the eastern and southern regions,indicating spatial variability in emission intensities.③The influence of human activities on methane emissions was evident,with significant increases in the adjusted daily emission factors(EFi)in the southern,eastern,and central regions of China.Conversely,regions such as the northwest and the Hong Ko

关 键 词：水稻 政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)清单 温室气体 甲烷排放量 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程]