有氧运动对肥胖大鼠肾功能异常及线粒体氧化应激的影响  

Effects of aerobic exercise on renal function abnormalities and mitochondrial oxidative stress of obese rats

作　　者：徐建方[1] 刘羽佳 杨青 李良[1] 张斌[1] Xu Jianfang;Liu Yujia;Yang Qing;Li Liang;Zhang Bin(China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing100061,China)

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2024年第9期730-740,共11页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(基本23-08)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同强度有氧运动对肥胖大鼠肾功能异常以及线粒体氧化应激的影响。方法:选取SPF级5周龄雄性SD大鼠90只,适应性饲喂一周后,随机分为普通饮食组(CON,n=10)和高脂饮食组(n=80),高脂饮食组食用高脂饲料8周后,筛选肥胖伴肾功能异常大鼠40只随机分为4组:高脂饮食对照组(HFD)和高脂饮食+不同强度有氧运动组(40%VO_(2max)、60%VO_(2max)、80%VO_(2max)),每组各10只。各运动组采用跑台进行4周有氧运动干预,每周5天,每天60 min。4周干预后测量体重、体长、肾周和附睾脂肪重量,计算脂体比、Lee’s指数等形态指标,检测血清肌酐(SCr)、血清胱抑素C(Cystatin C)、尿微量白蛋白(mALB)等肾功能生化指标,HE染色和PAS染色观察肾脏病理变化,透射电镜观察肾脏和线粒体超微结构变化,ELISA试剂盒检测线粒体中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、线粒体膜电位水平。结果:(1)有氧运动对肥胖大鼠肾功能异常相关生化指标的影响:与CON组相比,HFD组血清SCr、血清Cystatin C、尿mALB水平均显著上升(P<0.05);与HFD组相比,各运动干预组血清SCr水平显著降低(P<0.05),60%VO_(2max)组和80%VO_(2max)组血清Cystatin C和尿m ALB水平显著降低(P<0.05)。(2)有氧运动对肥胖大鼠肾脏和线粒体病理结构的影响:与CON组相比,HFD组肾小管上皮细胞轻中度变性,肾小球硬化指数(GSI)显著增加(P<0.05);各运动干预组肾小球肥大程度较HFD组均有所减轻,其中60%VO_(2max)组肾小管轮廓更加清晰,GSI显著下降(P<0.05)。与CON组相比,HFD组肾小管线粒体大量肿胀,60%VO_(2max)组较HFD组线粒体损伤状态明显改善。(3)有氧运动对肥胖大鼠肾脏线粒体氧化应激的影响:与CON组相比,HFD组大鼠肾脏线粒体MDA水平显著升高(P<0.05);各运动干预组较HFD组线粒体MDA水平显著下降(P<0.05),其中40%VO_(2max)组下降趋势最明显(P<0.05);与CON组相比,HFD组大鼠肾脏线粒体SOD和膜电位水�Objective To explore the effect of aerobic exercise on renal function abnormalities and mitochondrial oxidative stress of obese rats.Methods Ninety 5-week male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal diet group(CON,n=10)and a high-fat diet group(n=80).The latter group was on high-fat diet for 8 weeks to induce obesity with renal function abnormality.After success-ful modelling,40 rats were chosen and randomly divided into a high-fat diet control group(HFD)and three groups of high-fat diet+aerobic exercise with different intensities(40%VO_(2max),60%VO_(2max),and 80%VO_(2max)),each of 10.All exercise groups underwent daily 60-min aerobic exercise on treadmill,5 days per week for 4 weeks.After the intervention,their body weight,body length,perirenal and epi-didymal fat weights were measured,and morphometric indices including fat-body ratio and Lee's in-dex were calculated.Moreover,such biochemical indicators of renal function as serum creatinine(SCr),serum cystatin C and urinary microalbumin(mALB)were tested.Meanwhile,the pathological changes of the kidney were observed using hematoxylin eosin(HE)staining and Periodic acid-Schiff(PAS)staining,while the ultrastructural changes of the kidney and mitochondria were observed using the transmission electron microscopy.Moreover,the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialde-hyde(MDA),and mitochondrial membrane potential in mitochondria were evaluated using ELISA kits.Results After 4 weeks of intervention,the average SCr,serum cystatin C,and mALB levels in the HFD group increased significantly compared with the CON group(P<0.05).Moreover,the average SCr levels of all exercise groups were significantly lower than the HFD group(P<0.05),with the average serum cystatin C and mALB levels of the 60%VO_(2max) and 80%VO_(2max) groups significantly lower than the HFD group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the renal tubular epithelial cells in the HFD group showed mod-erate degeneration and increased glomerulosclerosis index(GSI)(P<0.05)and the degree of glomerular hypertrophy

关 键 词：有氧运动 肥胖 大鼠 肾功能异常 线粒体氧化应激 

分 类 号：R589.2[医药卫生—内分泌]