人民城市理念下中国城市宜居性综合评价及其驱动因素研究  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Livability and Its Driving Factors in Chinese Cities Under the Concept of People's Cities

作　　者：袁晓玲[1,2] 黄晓洲 姚智昕 李朝鹏[2] YUAN Xiaoling;HUANG Xiaozhou;YAO Zhixin;LI Zhaopeng

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学经济与金融学院,陕西西安710061 [2]西安交通大学马克思主义学院,陕西西安710049 [3]陕西理工大学教育科学学院,陕西汉中723001

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2024年第10期53-60,共8页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(23CTJ008);陕西省软科学基金项目(2024ZC-YBXM-030);全国统计科学研究项目(2023LY029);陕西省博士后基金(2023BSHEDZZ92);国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZB20230583);中央高校基本科研业务经费项目(SK2023052)。

摘　　要：基于人民城市理念构建了涵盖生态环境、交通运输、民生环境、公共服务和生活服务的中国城市宜居性评价指标体系,运用熵权法、Dagum基尼系数与核密度估计法考察了2000—2020年中国城市宜居性时空分异特征,用地理探测器对时空分异驱动因素进行了探究。结果表明:(1)我国城市宜居性总体持续提高并呈东高西低格局,东西平均差距逐渐拉大。(2)全国城市宜居性总体空间差异扩大,区域间差异是城市宜居性差异首要来源,区域内差异呈现“东部—西部—东北—中部”依次递减格局。全国和各地区城市宜居性分布具有明显延展性,不同地区分布的极化格局和趋势各有不同。(3)政府投入和空间城市化是城市宜居性时空分异的主要驱动因素,居民富裕程度和人口城市化作用逐渐增强。各因子交互解释力均强于单因子,主要类型为双因子增强和非线性增强。Based on the concept of people's city,a five-dimensional evaluation index system of livability in Chinese cities covering ecological environment,transportation,livelihood environment,public services,and living services was constructed.The spatial differences and temporal evolution patterns of livability levels of Chinese cities from 2000 to 2020 were examined using entropy weight method,Dagum Gini coefficient,and kernel density estimation method,and the driving factors of spatiotemporal differentiation were explored using geographic detectors.Results show that:(1)China's cities'livability has generally improved,displaying a pattern of"high in the east and low in the west,"with the average gap between the east and the west gradually widening;(2)Overall spatial differences in urban livability across the country have widened,with inter-regional differences being the primary source of urban livability differences,and intra-regional differences showing a decreasing pattern of"east-west-northeast-central".The distribution of urban livability across the country and regions demonstrates obvious extensibility,with differing polarization patterns and trends across different regions;(3)Spatial urbanization and government inputs emerge as the main drivers of spatial and temporal differences in urban livability,while the driving roles of residents'affluence and population urbanization are gradually increasing.The explanatory power of factor interactions surpasses that of single factors,with the main types being two-factor enhancement and nonlinear enhancement.

关 键 词：人民城市理念 城市宜居性 综合评价 时空分异 驱动因素 

分 类 号：F299.2[经济管理—国民经济]