生活圈视角下城市公共服务设施配置分异及影响因素——基于京津冀地区不同规模城市比较  

Differential Distribution and Influencing Factors of Urban Public Service Facility Distribution from a Life Circle Perspective:a Comparative Analysis of Cities of Different Sizes in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

作　　者：赵美风 张蓝青 汪德根[2] ZHAO Meifeng;ZHANG Lanqing;WANG Degen

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学地理学部,天津300387 [2]苏州大学建筑学院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2024年第10期77-86,107,共11页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“中西部地区城市群城镇化亲近势能分异格局与空间效应研究”(项目编号:42371250)。

摘　　要：当前中国城镇化进入高质量发展阶段,公共服务设施空间均衡配置与社区生活圈的便捷可达是实现高质量发展和高品质生活的重要途径。选取京津冀地区中不同规模城市,利用网络分析、地理探测器等方法,对比分析不同规模城市15分钟生活圈内公共服务设施的配置分异及核心影响因素。结果表明:①随着城市规模等级降低,公共服务设施的丰裕度和混合度均呈下降趋势,空间结构的“核心—边缘”特征越突出;②商业、交通和医疗等六类设施的覆盖度较高,体育、文化和养老设施的覆盖度偏低;城市边缘区养老、文化和体育设施较为缺乏。③人口密度和经济发展水平是影响各类公共服务设施分布的主导因素。为精准高效、分区分类制定公共服务设施空间配置规划提供科学依据,进而推动京津冀地区公共服务均等化进程。As urbanization in China enters a phase of high-quality development,the spatially balanced distribution of public service facilities and the accessibility of community life circles are crucial for achieving high-quality development and living standards.This paper selects cities of varying sizes in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,using the 15-minute life circle as the basic unit and employing GIS spatial analysis methods.It analyzes the characteristics of public service facility distribution from three dimensions:abundance,mix,and coverage.The geographical detector model is utilized to explore the mechanisms influencing the distribution variation of public service facilities in cities of different sizes.The results indicate:(1)As city size decreases,both the abundance and diversity of public service facilities tend to decline,and the"core-periphery"spatial structure becomes more pronounced.(2)Facilities related to commerce,transportation,and healthcare have relatively high coverage,whereas sports,cultural,and eldercare facilities exhibit lower coverage,with a notable deficiency in eldercare,cultural,and sports facilities in peripheral urban areas.(3)Population density and economic development level are the predominant factors influencing the distribution of various public service facilities.This study provides a scientific basis for the scientifically rational,zoned classification,and precise and efficient planning of public service facility spatial distribution,thereby promoting the equalization of public services in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region.

关 键 词：公共服务设施 配置分异 不同规模城市 生活圈 京津冀地区 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]