扩散渗析-纳滤分离工艺资源化钢铁酸性脱硫废水的研究  

Diffusion dialysis-nanofiltration separation process to reclam the acidic desulfurization wastewater from steel enterprises

作　　者：李福勤 王世奕 梁桢 王瑾 LI Fuqin;WANG Shiyi;LIANG Zhen;WANG Jin(College of Energy and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;Hebei Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Ecological Restoration,Handan 056038,China;Hebei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Sewage Treatment and Resource Utilization,Handan 056038,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学能源与环境工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]河北省水污染控制与水生态修复技术创新中心,河北邯郸056038 [3]污水处理及资源化利用河北省工程研究中心,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《工业水处理》2024年第11期74-81,共8页Industrial Water Treatment

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金智慧矿山联合基金资助项目(E2021402015)。

摘　　要：酸性脱硫废水因其酸度高、成分复杂而难以处理,通常采用加碱中和后按高盐废水进行处理,存在处理成本高和二次污染等问题。为实现酸性脱硫废水的资源化利用,减少污染物排放,采用扩散渗析去除废水中重金属并回收酸(盐酸与硫酸组合成的混合酸),之后对比采用单价选择性电渗析、耐酸纳滤分离盐酸与硫酸的效果,并通过试验确定最佳工艺及参数。结果表明,在扩散渗析膜面流速为2.86×10^(-6)cm/s时效果最好,酸回收率可达87.5%,金属离子去除率在93%以上;耐酸纳滤在压力为7.5 MPa时,单价选择性系数P_(SO_(4)^(2-))^(Cl-)最大,为210.38,远高于单价选择性电渗析;“扩散渗析+耐酸纳滤”联合处理酸性脱硫废水可以得到质量分数3.34%的盐酸,纯度为99.65%;处理水量30 m^(3)/d,项目总投资396.51万元,运行成本127.03万元/a,相比传统处理工艺,每年可节省费用105.87万元,投资回收期约为3.8 a,具有良好的环境和经济效益。The treatment of acidic desulphurization wastewater is challenging due to its high acidity and complex composition.Typically,acidic desulphurization wastewater is treated as high-salt wastewater after alkali neutralization,leading to issues such as high treatment costs and secondary pollution.To achieve resource utilization and reduce pollutant discharge,diffusion dialysis was employed for heavy metal removal and acid recovery(comprising hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid).Sub⁃sequently,the separating property of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid between monovalent selective electrodialysis and acid-resistant nanofiltration was compared to determine the optimal process,the parameters were optimized through ex⁃periments.The results indicated that optimal performance was achieved at membrane surface flow rate of 2.86×10^(-6) cm/s,with acid recovery rate of 87.5%and metal ion removal rate of>93%.The monovalent selective coefficient P_(SO_(4)^(2-))^(Cl-)reached its peak at 7.5 MPa,significantly surpassing that of monovalent selective electrodialysis.Through the combined treatment of diffusion dialysis and acid-resistant nanofiltration,hydrochloric acid with a mass fraction of 3.34%and purity of 99.65%could be obtained.The treatment water volume was 30 m3/d,total project investment was 3.96 million yuan,and operating cost was estimated at 1.27 million yuan/a.Compared to traditional treatment processes,annual savings was approximately 1.06 million yuan with the investment payback period of about 3.8 years,which had significant environmental and economic benefits.

关 键 词：脱硫废水 扩散渗析 单价选择性电渗析 耐酸纳滤 资源化利用 

分 类 号：X756[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P747[天文地球—海洋科学]