磁性萃取材料在重金属检测及形态分析中的应用进展  

Application Progress of Magnetic Extraction Materials in Determination and Speciation Analysis of Heavy Metal Elements

作　　者：廖颖敏[1] 宋逍冲 黄晓佳 LIAO Ying-Min;SONG Xiao-Chong;HUANG Xiao-Jia(Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health Key Laboratory of Provincial University,Tan Kah Kee College,Xiamen University,Xiamen 363105,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies,College of Environment and Ecology,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学嘉庚学院,河口生态安全与环境健康福建省高校重点实验室,厦门363105 [2]厦门大学环境与生态学院,福建省海陆界面生态环境重点实验室,厦门361005

出　　处：《分析化学》2024年第10期1379-1389,共11页Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21976149);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(No.2024A1515011556)资助。

摘　　要：随着工业化进程的加快,重金属污染问题日益凸显,对生态环境和人体健康造成潜在威胁。利用磁固相萃取法(MSPE)对基底复杂、目标物含量低的样品进行有效前处理,对于重金属的检测及形态分析至关重要。近年来,经过优化设计和功能化修饰制备的磁性萃取材料因其高选择性、高吸附能力和高效分离能力等特性而备受关注。本文分类评述了近年来基于离子印迹聚合物、壳聚糖、金属有机框架、离子液体和其它聚合物的磁性复合材料在萃取环境水样、海产品、放射性废物和食品等样品中的重金属离子,以及与其它检测技术联用实现对重金属离子检测及形态分析中的应用研究进展,主要讨论了代表性材料的制备及其对重金属离子的吸附效果,分析了此研究面临的挑战,并展望了其未来的发展趋势。With the acceleration of industrialization,the issue of heavy metal pollution has become increasingly severe,and the potential threat to the ecological environment and human health is increasing.It is necessary and important to detect the contents and species of heavy metal ions.To reduce the influence of complex sample matrices and enrich low contents of analytes,suitable sample pretreatment is usually required before analysis.In recent years,magnetic solid phase extraction(MSPE)based on magnetic extraction materials prepared by rational design and functional modification have attracted much attention in the analysis of heavy metal ions due to their high selectivity,satisfactory adsorption capacity and efficient separation ability.In this paper,the application progress of magnetic composite materials based on ion imprinted polymers,chitosan,metal organic frameworks,ionic liquids and other polymers in the extraction of heavy metal ions from environmental water samples,seafood,radioactive waste and food in recent years was reviewed.The current review focused on the preparation of representative materials in the same category and their adsorption performance towards heavy metal ions.The challenges were analyzed and the future development trend was also prospected.

关 键 词：磁性材料 重金属离子 萃取 形态分析 评述 

分 类 号：O658.2[理学—分析化学] X830[理学—化学]