光纤陀螺光路热致零漂误差机理与抑制方法  

A Review of the Mechanism and Suppression Methods for Thermally Induced Bias Drift Error in Fiber Optic Gyroscope Optical Path

作　　者：张天乐 温坤华[1,4,5] 张翔 林蹉富[2,3,4,5] 杨军 ZHANG Tianle;WEN Kunhua;ZHANG Xiang;LIN Cuofu;YANG Jun(School of Physics&Optoelectronic Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;Institute of Advanced Photonics Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;School of Information Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;Key Laboratory of Photonic Technology for Integrated Sensing an Communication,Ministry of Education of China,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学物理与光电工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]先进光子技术研究院,广东广州510006 [3]广东工业大学信息工程学院,广东广州510006 [4]广东工业大学通感融合光子技术教育部重点实验室,广东广州510006 [5]广东工业大学广东省信息光子技术重点实验室,广东广州510006

出　　处：《弹箭与制导学报》2024年第5期14-24,共11页Journal of Projectiles,Rockets,Missiles and Guidance

基　　金：军用测试仪器技术领域专用技术预研项目(JZX7Y20230683000055)资助。

摘　　要：光纤陀螺(FOG)作为一种高精度角速度传感器,在惯性导航、定位定向和姿态控制中扮演着至关重要的角色。然而,光纤陀螺光路热致零漂误差是限制陀螺精度提升的关键因素之一。通过分析Shupe效应、Mohr效应及交扰效应,解释了热致零漂误差的产生机理;从内因(几何对称性和物理对称性)和外因(环境影响和物理场激励)两方面归纳了影响零漂误差的不同因素;进一步讨论了对内因和外因的关键因素(如光路的应变和温度分布)检测的布里渊光时域分析(BOTDA)技术、光频域反射(OFDR)技术以及拉曼光时域反射(ROTDR)技术的研究现状;最后介绍了光纤环绕制工艺的优化、特种光纤的应用、尾纤长度的调整以及温度补偿技术等多种抑制热致零漂误差的措施和方法。上述研究为恶劣环境下导航级光纤陀螺测量精度和环境适应性的进一步提升奠定了基础。The fiber optic gyroscope(FOG)serves as a high-precision angular velocity sensor and plays a critical role in inertial navigation,positioning and orientation,and attitude control systems.However,the thermally induced bias drift error in the optical path of FOG is a critical factor limiting the improvement of gyroscope precision.Through the analysis of Shupe effect,Mohr effect and cross term effect,the mechanism of the thermally induced bias drift error is explained.Factors influencing bias drift are summarized from both internal causes(geometric and physical symmetry)and external causes(environmental impacts and physical field excitation).Furtherly,detection technologies used to detect the key factors(specifically fiber coil strain and temperature distribution)of the internal and external causes,such as Brillouin optical time domain analysis(BOTDA),optical frequency domain reflectometry(OFDR),and Raman optical time domain reflectometry(ROTDR),is reviewed.In the end,various measures and methods to suppress bias drift,including optimization of fiber coil winding processes,application of specialty fibers,adjustment of tail fiber length,and temperature compensation techniques,is discussed.These studies lay a foundation for further improvements in the measurement accuracy and environmental adaptability of navigation-grade FOG under harsh conditions.

关 键 词：光纤陀螺 热致零漂 光路对称性 分布式测试 零漂误差抑制 

分 类 号：V241.5[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]