河湖疏浚淤泥资源化技术研究进展与应用  

Current status of resource utilization technologies for dredged sludges in rivers and lakes and their applications

作　　者：李静 郑浩通 刘正乾[2] LI Jing;ZHENG Haotong;LIU Zhengqian(Central-South Architectural Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430071,China;School of Environmental Science&Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中南建筑设计院股份有限公司,湖北武汉430071 [2]华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《长沙理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期13-31,共19页Journal of Changsha University of Science & Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0105600)。

摘　　要：河湖疏浚淤泥产量巨大、成分复杂。经济高效的疏浚淤泥资源化利用技术对促进疏浚污泥资源化利用具有重要意义。目前,经济有效的资源化利用方法依然缺乏。本文结合前人的研究与工程试验,将淤泥资源化技术分为4类,并系统梳理了4类技术的主要进展及其应用现状。固化处理类尚缺乏具有普适性的固化剂配方及固化剂信息数据库,固化效果受到限制,并且缺乏实际应用参考价值;建材利用类的效率不高,限制了淤泥消纳量,需要探索新的优化技术;土地利用类消纳量大,但对辅助介质材料的要求较高,并且无法保证对重金属等污染物的稳定控制;堆肥处理类降低了对辅助介质的要求,但同样存在二次污染的安全问题,以及对时间和空间的占用问题。本文还进一步归纳了现有技术,从两个角度对疏浚淤泥资源化技术的发展进行了思考。从工程化的角度看,固化处理的化学手段与建材利用的物理方法能够有机结合,同时引入工程技术,可能是未来工程化利用淤泥的主要发展方向;从自然化的角度看,应该统一土地利用与堆肥处理两种类的物质转化机理,为有效资源利用和污染物控制策略的提出奠定基础。总体而言,未来研究需要在优化现有技术的淤泥消纳量和拓展新的资源化路线两个方向进行努力,以更高效和更经济地解决疏浚淤泥的去向问题。The production of dredged sludges in rivers and lakes is huge,and the composition is complex.The economical and efficient resource utilization technology for dredged sludges is of great significance in promoting its resource utilization,but there is still a lack of related technologies at present.Combined with previous research and engineering experiments,the sludge resource technologies are divided into four types,and the main progress and application status of different types to utilize dredged sludges are systematically sorted out.At present,The type of curing treatment is lack of a universal curing agent formula and curing agent information database,curing effect is limited,and lack of practical application reference value.The utilization efficiency of building materials type is not high,which limits the amount of dredged sludges treated,and then new technologies need to be explored for optimization.Land use type has the advantage of treating a large amount of dredged sludge,but the current requirements for auxiliary media materials are high,and the stable control of pollutants,such as heavy metals,cannot be guaranteed.Although compost treatment type reduces the requirements for auxiliary media,it also has the problems of secondary pollution,as well as the occupation of time and space.Finally,the existing technologies are further summarized to reflect the development of dredged sludge resourcing technologies from two perspectives.From the perspective of engineering utilization,the chemical methods of curing treatment can be organically combined with the physical methods of building material utilization,and the introduction of engineering technology to treat sludges,and may be the main development direction of engineering utilization in the future.From the perspective of natural utilization,the material transformation mechanism of land use and compost treatment should be explored in a unified manner,so as to lay a foundation for effective resource utilization and pollutant control strategies.In general,future

关 键 词：水利工程 疏浚淤泥 资源化利用 固化处理 建材利用 土地利用 堆肥处理 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]