政务数据应用领域行政法的治理逻辑转换  

Logical Transformation of the Governance on the Application of Government Data in Administrative Law

作　　者：陈可翔[1,2] Chen Kexiang

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学法学院 [2]广东外语外贸大学区域法治研究院

出　　处：《法学》2024年第11期54-74,共21页Law Science

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“营造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境研究”项目(23ZDA056);国家社科基金青年项目“数字时代营商环境优化的行政法治问题研究”(23CFX033);广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD24ESQ34)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：政务数据应用的动态过程主要呈现为开放共享、汇集处理、开发利用三个环节,面向秩序建构、服务供给、产业转型、风险规制等不同行政场景。不同环节和场景下政务数据应用面临的行政法问题可以归纳为权力配置不清、权力与权利失衡及利益分配不均三个基本方面。受限于传统政府管理型思维,构成行政法难以有效回应政务数据应用法治需求的内因。植根合作治理语境,以塑造整体性数据治理框架、统合多元数据治理目标、搭建“共有共用共治共享”的数据利益分配格局为目标,推动政务数据应用的行政法治逻辑调整,要求行政法推动自身功能反思。行政法应致力于为协同共治提供制度指引,并以发展为导向,通过制度的均衡性设计保障数据应用中多元价值、公私利益的统筹兼顾。The dynamic process of government data application mainly manifests in three stages: open sharing, collection and processing, and development and utilization.Its main goals are to address different administrative tasks such as order construction, service provision, industrial transformation, and risk regulation.The administrative legal issues faced by the application of government data in different links and scenarios can be summarized into three basic aspects:unclear allocation of power, imbalance between power and rights, and uneven distribution of interests. Constrained by traditional government management thinking, it constitutes the internal cause for the difficulty of administrative law to effectively respond to the rule of law needs for the application of government data.Rooted in the context of cooperative governance, with the goal of shaping a holistic data governance framework, integrating diverse data governance objectives, and establishing a data interest distribution pattern of “joint ownership, shared use, co-governance, and shared benefits”, it promotes the adjustment of the administrative rule of law logic in the application of government data, requiring administrative law to promote its own functional reflection.Administrative law should be committed to providing institutional guidance for collaborative governance, and with development as the orientation, it should ensure the balanced consideration of diverse values and public and private interests in data application through the balanced design of institutions.

关 键 词：政务数据应用 行政法治 数据权力规制 价值平衡 利益分配 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]