Engineering and preliminary evaluation of multiple non-equilibrium nanostructures from a single peptide amphiphile  

作　　者：Weiping Cui Di Wu Liuqing Yang Chang Yang Bing He Hua Zhang Xueqing Wang Lei Zhang Wenbing Dai Qiang Zhang 

机构地区：[1]Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China [2]Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China [3]Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, 315010, China [4]Electron Microscopy Analysis Laboratory, Medical and Health Analysis Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China

出　　处：《Nano Research》2024年第11期9764-9774,共11页纳米研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3501900);Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Nos.L222127 and L212013);AI + Health Collaborative Innovation Cultivation Project(No.Z211100003521002);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A20412).

摘　　要：Compared with thermodynamically equilibrium supramolecular assemblies, non-equilibrium assemblies from the same building blocks have attracted increasing attentions because their diverse structures and dynamic natures may impart the assemblies with novel functionalities. However, facile access to non-equilibrium assemblies remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we endeavored to exploit various solvent-anti-solvent methods to achieve it using peptide amphiphile C16-VVAAEE-NH_(2) as a model. Through systematical utilization of dialysis, ultrasonic and stirring-dropping methods, as well as tuning of processing parameters, we demonstrated the successful formation of diverse non-equilibrium nanostructures with distinct morphologies and structures that significantly deviate from the thermodynamically favored twisted long ribbons. Additionally, these metastable nanostructures ultimately underwent spontaneous transformation into thermodynamically stable states. The transformation processes of three representative non-equilibrium assemblies were also demonstrated and characterized in detail using transmission electron microscopy, circular dichroism spectrum, and thioflavin T fluorescence spectrum. Furthermore, non-equilibrium assemblies exhibited various degrees of cytotoxic effects, which may stem from their spontaneous, dynamic transformation and interactions with cellular membranes. This study offers valuable approaches for direct access to diverse non-equilibrium supramolecular nanostructures from self-assembling peptide, and also has implications for the development of advanced materials with unprecedented biological functions.

关 键 词：non-equilibrium nanostructures peptide amphiphile peptide assembly NANOMEDICINE 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]