新疆部分地区肺炎犊牛肺炎克雷伯菌流行情况调查及其部分生物学特性分析  

Investigation on prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in calves with pneumonia and analysis of some of its biological characteristics in some areas of Xinjiang

作　　者：王一霖 王燕 马万鹏 张凌 郭明强 樊晓慧 夏俊[2] 苏战强[1] WANG Yilin;WANG Yan;MA Wanpeng;ZHANG Ling;GUO Mingqiang;FAN Xiaohui;XIA Jun;SU Zhanqiang(College of Veterinary Medicine,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830000,China;Center for Animal Clinical Medicine,Institute of Veterinary Medicine,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物医学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆畜牧科学院兽医研究所动物临床医学研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2024年第9期1906-1913,共8页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：自治区重大科技专项技术研究与集成示范资助项目(2023A02007);牛动物疫病防控岗位科学家、自治区现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(2223NYTRC);新疆褐牛联合育种群体改良提升行动计划资助项目(2023XJHN-26);天山英才三农骨干—草食家畜群发病防控技术推广资助项目(2023SNGGNT005);新疆特色鸽品种培育及配套关键技术研发与推广资助项目(2023B02036)。

摘　　要：无菌采集部分地区肺炎犊牛的鼻拭子,常规法进行肺炎克雷伯菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae,KPn)分离鉴定,并进行16S rDNA序列进化树分析;K-B法检测其耐药性,选取1株携带多重毒力的分离株进行小鼠半数致死量LD50试验,PCR法检测分离株的血清型、毒力基因和耐药基因。结果显示,新疆阿克苏、昌吉、伊犁3个地区共218份肺炎犊牛鼻拭子KPn检出率为14.68%(32/218),其中阿克苏地区为28.33%(17/60)、昌吉地区为24.00%(6/25)、伊犁地区为6.77%(9/133),分为2种血清型,分别为K1(7/32)和K5(5/32);菌株共检测到KPn的13种毒力基因,主要以mrkD、ureA、wabG、uge、entB为主;LD50为2.38×10^(7) CFU/mL;药敏试验及耐药基因检测发现,分离菌株表现为多重耐药,其携带耐药基因主要以blaSHV、floR为主,16S rDNA序列进化树结果显示,分离株与意大利、中国北京、中国上海等地分离株同源性较高。结果表明,新疆地区肺炎犊牛鼻拭子的KPn检出率较高;优势血清型为K1和K5;分离株携带多种毒力基因,致病力较强,且均为产ESBLs的KPn菌株,提示新疆地区KPn对犊牛具有一定的潜在危害。Klebsiella pneumoniae(KPn),as a conditioned pathogen that causes calf pneumonia,has caused serious harm to cattle industry,but the harm of Klebsiella pneumoniae to calves in Xinjiang region is still unclear.In this study,to investigate the prevalence of KPn,its harm and some biological characteristics of pneumonia calves in Xinjiang,nasal swabs of pneumonia calves in some areas were collected aseptically,KPn isolation and identification were performed by routine method,and 16S rDNA sequence evolutionary tree analysis was performed.The drug resistance was detected by K-B method,and a strain carrying multiple virulence was selected for mice median lethal dose test.The serotype,virulence gene and drug resistance gene of the strain were detected by PCR.The results showed that the detection rate of Klebsiella pneumnoniae in nasal swabs of 218pneumonia calves from Aksu,Changji and Yili regions of Xinjiang was as follows:14.68%(32/218)including 28.33%(17/60)in Aksu Prefecture,24.00%(6/25)in Changji Prefecture and6.77%(9/133)in Yili Prefecture,they were divided into two serotypes,namely K1(7/32)and K5(5/32).A total of 13 KPn virulence genes were detected,mainly mrkD,ureA,wabG,uge and entB.LD_(50)was 2.38×10^(7) cfu/mL.Drug susceptibility test and drug resistance gene detection showed that the isolated strain showed multiple drug resistance,and the resistance genes mainly carried bla_(SHV)and floR.16S rDNA sequence evolutionary tree results showed that the isolated strain had high homology with the isolates from Italy,Beijing and Shanghai of China.The detection rate of KPn in nasal swabs of pneumonia calves in Xinjiang region is high.The dominant serotypes are K1and K5.The isolates carry a variety of virulence genes and have strong virulence.All of them are KPn strains producing ESBLs,suggesting that Klebsiella pneumoniae in Xinjiang region of China have a certain potential harm to calves.

关 键 词：犊牛 肺炎克雷伯菌 毒力基因 耐药性 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]