国家重点生态功能区旅游资源开发的碳汇减损效应--国家级风景名胜区和5A级景区建设的准自然实验  

Carbon Sink Mitigation Effect of Tourism Resource Development in National Key Ecological Function Areas:A Quasi-natural Experiment on the Construction of National Parks of China and 5A-level Tourist Attractions

作　　者：童昀 王灵恩[2] TONG Yun;WANG Ling’en(College of International Tourism and Public Administration,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学国际旅游与公共管理学院,海南海口570228 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2024年第11期49-62,共14页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“旅游高质量发展驱动经济社会全面绿色转型的效应、机制与政策研究”(21BJY194);国家自然科学基金项目“高原旅游地食物供给模式及其资源环境效应研究”(42171288);中国科学院青年创新促进会共同资助。

摘　　要：国家重点生态功能区是保障生态文明战略有效推进的关键区域,“双碳”目标下考察旅游资源开发对国家重点生态功能区碳汇影响效应,有利于拓展旅游资源开发的环境外部性研究视野,并促进资源富集型欠发达地区旅游资源可持续利用。文章依托多源遥感影像构建733个国家重点生态功能区县域单元研究数据集,利用空间多期双重差分模型,以国家级风景名胜区和5A级景区建设为准自然实验,在县区精细尺度揭示旅游资源开发对碳汇影响及空间溢出效应。结果表明:1)国家重点生态功能区碳汇呈现微弱上升态势,但空间分异明显;2)旅游资源开发造成国家重点生态功能区碳汇减损,具有显著环境负外部性;3)旅游资源开发碳汇减损效应主要出现于中部、西部国家重点生态功能区,但在生态文明战略和国家重点生态功能区转移支付制度实施后得到缓解;4)旅游资源开发对碳汇的不利影响存在空间溢出性,“以邻为壑”特征明显。基于前述分析,文章进一步提出,理论上应探索将碳汇影响纳入旅游可持续发展评估研究框架;政策上推动旅游资源可持续开发利用,完善国家重点生态功能区旅游资源开发碳汇补偿制度,促进配套设施和关联产业科学布局和生态建设。National Key Ecological Functional Areas(NKEFA)are crucial areas that support the effective promotion of China’s ecological civilization strategy.NKEFA are endowed with high-quality ecological resources and have inherent advantages for the development of tourism.Tourism resources are the basic conditions to support tourism development and activities,and tourism resource development is the basic work to build up the tourism economy.Against the background of the“goals of peaking carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality”objective,this paper attempted to incorporate tourism resource development and the overall carbon sinks of the destination into the same analytical framework and advanced to empirical examination.Our study was conducive to expanding the research horizons of environmental externalities of tourism resource development,and promoting the sustainable use of tourism resources in resource-rich underdeveloped regions.Specifically,we first utilized multi-source remote sensing imagery to construct a research dataset that includes 733 county units of NKEFA(involving a total of 13194 samples)from 2000—2017.Second,we applied a spatial multi-period difference-in-difference model(SDID)to reveal the impacts of tourism resources development on carbon sink and spatial spillover effects at the fine scale of county areas,with the construction of national parks of China and 5A-level tourist attractions as a quasi-natural experiment.The results show that:1)carbon sink in NKEFA show a weak upward trend,but with obvious spatial heterogeneity;2)Tourism resource development causes carbon sink impairment in NKEFA,with significant negative environmental externalities;3)The carbon sink impairment effect of tourism resource development mainly occurs in central and western NKEFA,but after the implementation of the ecological civilization strategy and the transfer payment system for NKEFA;4)The negative impact of tourism resource development on carbon sinks has a spatial spillover effect,and the characteristic of“

关 键 词：旅游资源开发 碳汇减损 空间多期双重差分法 空间溢出效应 国家重点生态功能区 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]