被污名的她者?--社交媒体中女性搭车者的社会表征及其生成机制  

Stigmatization of Women?Social Representation and Generation Mechanism of Female Hitchhikers on Social Media

作　　者：邓梦巧 王学基 DENG Mengqiao;WANG Xueji(Joint Institute of Ningbo University and University of Angers,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学宁波大学昂热大学联合学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2024年第11期136-148,共13页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“道路基础设施作用下旅游地的流动性生产与社会-空间关系重构:川滇藏地区案例”(42471261);国家自然科学基金青年项目“乡村旅游地‘城乡两栖’型居民的流动性实践与跨地方适应研究”(42101222)共同资助。

摘　　要：随着搭车旅行在中国的兴起,女性搭车现象在社交媒体中被广泛讨论,鲜有研究关注到这一问题及其背后的社会文化意涵。文章聚焦川藏线女性搭车群体,采用深度访谈和网络数据爬取收集数据,并利用主题分析法进行数据分析,借助社会表征理论探讨社交媒体中女性搭车者的形象表征与生成机制。研究发现:1)社交媒体中的女性搭车者形象在自我表征与他者建构作用下呈现出多面性和争议性,表现为自我表征中“女汉子”的性别展演,以及他者建构下“低劣她者”与“勇敢女性”之间的矛盾对立;2)其形象争议生成于传统异性恋话语影响下对女性搭车者的污名化及其抵抗,受到“他”者直接经验、主流媒体报道、社交媒体中的社会互动等多重因素共同作用。这既指向了传统性别关系不平等在旅游语境中的再现,也暗含着旅游流动对女性主体意识觉醒的促进和主流媒体对女性自由流动性增强的压制。研究有助于深化对社交媒体建构女性旅游者形象的理解,并拓展对旅游语境下性别问题的再认识。The relationship between media and gender image has always been an important issue of concern for scholars,especially in exploring how the media constructs the image of women.However,in tourism research,the relationship between media and image tends to focus more on destination studies,while the image of female tourists and their representation in the media have been relatively neglected.The rise of hitchhiking in China promotes the increase of female hitchhikers phenomenon that has stirred wide discussion in social media.However,limited studies have explored this phenomenon and its associated socio-cultural meanings.This study adopts social representation theory and discuss the image representation and generation mechanisms of female hitchhikers along the Sichuan-Tibet line on social media.Thematic analysis were employed to interpret multiple data from in-depth interviews and social media.Findings revealed 1)image of female hitchhikers on social media exhibits multiplicity and controversy under the dual influence of self-representation and other-construction.Specifically,it is characterized by gender performance as“nv hanzi”in selfrepresentation,and the contradictory opposition between the“inferior other”and the“brave females”in the construction by others;2)image controversy originates from the stigmatization of female hitchhikers and their resistance under the influence of traditional heterosexual discourse,which is affected by multiple factors including direct experience of the“other”,mainstream media reports,and social interaction on social media.The findings revealed the reproduction of traditional gender inequality in the context of tourism,and at the same time,implies the promotion of female subjectivity awakening by tourism mobility,and the suppression of female freedom of movement by mainstream media.The study contributes to providing an in-depth understanding of how social media constructs the image of female tourists and broadens the recognition of gender issues in tourism.Meanwhile,the

关 键 词：社会表征 流动性 女性旅游者 搭车 社交媒体 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]