上海市宝山区百岁老人生命质量现状调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of the quality of life of centenary elderly in Baoshan district,Shanghai

作　　者：李莹杰[1] 苏建花 程克文 姚云[1] 罗斌[1] 吴萍[1] LI Yingjie;SU Jianhua;CHENG Kewen;YAO Yun;LUO Bin;WU Ping(Department of Nutrition,Tongji Hospital,Shanghai 200065,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]上海市同济医院营养科,上海200065 [2]上海市宝山区仁和医院宝山区老年医学中心

出　　处：《中国临床保健杂志》2024年第5期651-655,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Healthcare

摘　　要：目的了解上海市宝山区百岁老人的营养风险及生命质量现状并探讨其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查的方法,2023年11月底在上海市宝山区的6条街道随机招募103名百岁老人作为研究对象,用自制问卷和营养风险筛查简表(NRS 2002)及健康调查简表(SF-36)对百岁老人的基本信息、养老、疾病、生活方式进行调查,分析不同基本情况下老人生命质量的差别,采用相关分析营养风险与生命质量之间的相关性。结果103名百岁老人SF-36总体评分为(52.86±16.33)分,躯体健康总评(PCS)为(45.48±35.67)分,精神健康总评(MCS)为(60.23±30.11)分。8个维度得分:生理功能(16.06±24.78)分,生理职能(37.86±46.02)分,躯体疼痛(71.68±22.09)分,一般健康状况(56.33±12.71)分,精力(53.30±16.35)分,社会功能(58.90±25.32)分,情感职能(59.54±48.42)分,精神健康(69.20±16.38)分。性别、居住方式、是否服用保健品对百岁老人PCS及MCS的影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);是否有营养风险及是否有心血管疾病对百岁老人生命质量PCS及MCS的影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析结果显示:NRS 2002分值越高,百岁老人的生理职能、一般健康状况、精力、社会功能、情感职能、PCS和MCS的评分就越低(均P<0.05)。结论营养风险高及患有心血管疾病的百岁老人生命质量更低,需要根据百岁老人的疾病及营养状况,有针对性地提供营养支持,将有助于提高其生命质量。Objective To investigate the nutritional risk and life quality of centenarians in Baoshan District of Shanghai,and to explore the influencing factors.Methods A total of 103 centenarians were randomly recruited in 6 streets of Baoshan District,Shanghai at the end of November 2023.The basic information,pension,disease and lifestyle of centenarians were investigated by self-made questionnaire,nutritional risk screening brief form(NRS 2002)and health survey brief form(SF-36).The difference of the quality of life of the elderly under different basic conditions was analyzed,and the correlation between nutritional risk and quality of life was analyzed.Results The total SF-36 score of 103 centenarians was(52.86±16.33)points,the total physical health score(PCS)was(45.48±35.67)points,and the total mental health score(MCS)was(60.23±30.11)points.Score in 8 dimensions:Physiological function(16.06±24.78)score,physiological function(37.86±46.02)points,physical pain(71.68±22.09)points,general health(56.33±12.71)points,energy(53.30±16.35)points,social function(58.90±25.32)points,Emotional function(59.54±48.42)points,mental health(69.20±16.38)scores.There was no significant difference in gender,living style and whether to take health care products on PCS and MCS of centenarians(P>0.05).There were significant differences in the influence of nutritional risk and cardiovascular disease on PCS and MCS of life quality in centenarians(P<0.05).The results showed that the higher the score of NRS 2002,the lower the scores of physiological function,general health,energy,social function,emotional function,PCS and MCS(P<0.05).Conclusions The quality of life of centenarians with high nutritional risk and cardiovascular diseases is lower.It is necessary to provide targeted nutritional support according to the disease and nutritional status of centenarians.It will help improve their quality of life.

关 键 词：百岁老人 营养不良 生活质量 健康生活方式 危险因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]