盐碱地施用生物有机肥对西瓜生长和土壤理化性质的影响  

Effect of Applying Bio-Organic Fertilizer on Watermelon Growth and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Saline Alkali Land

作　　者：冯镓旺 章柯蓁 林之野 余靖怡 叶国庆 FENG Jiawang;ZHANG Kezhen;LIN Zhiye;YU Jingyi;YE Guoqing(College of Landscape Ecology,Ningbo City College of Vocational Technology Ningbo,Zhejiang 315100)

机构地区：[1]宁波城市职业技术学院景观生态学院,浙江宁波315100

出　　处：《现代农业研究》2024年第12期105-107,119,共4页Modern Agriculture Research

基　　金：浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划(新苗人才计划)“盐碱变良田—盐碱地新型综合改良技术开发”(项目编号:2024R466A001);浙江省教育厅科研项目“城市园林废弃物的资源化利用模式研究”(项目编号:Y202352491)。

摘　　要：本文以“早佳8424”西瓜为试验材料,通过田间试验研究盐碱地施用生物有机肥对西瓜生长、产量、糖度以及土壤的pH值、含盐率、容重和有机质含量的影响。结果表明:在相同管理条件下,施用生物有机肥(TR 2)组的西瓜幼苗在主茎粗度、叶柄长度、叶片数量和叶片叶绿素含量等方面都显著高于对照组(CK),在主茎粗度和叶绿素含量上较常规施用化学复合肥(TR 1)组分别提高18.31%和31.43%。TR 2组在单果重量和糖度上较CK和TR 1组显著增加,亩产量较CK和TR 1组分别提高0.31 t和0.58 t。CK和TR 1组的土壤在pH值、含盐率、土壤容重和有机质含量上没有显著差异,TR 2组中的p H值、总含盐率和土壤容重则表现为显著下降,有机质含量比该两组分别提高37.56%和30.31%。综上所述,盐碱地施用生物有机肥,可以提高西瓜的产品和品质,同时能够改善土壤结构,提高肥力。Using"Zaojia 8424"watermelon as the experimental material,field experiments were conducted to study the effects of applying bio-organic fertilizer on watermelon growth,yield,sugar content,and soil pH,salt content,bulk density,organic matter content in saline alkali land.The results showed that under the same management conditions,the watermelon seedlings in the group treated with bio-organic fertilizer(TR 2)had significantly higher main stem thickness,petiole length,leaf number,and leaf chlorophyll content than the control group(CK).The main stem thickness and chlorophyll content of TR 2 were increased by 18.31%and 31.43%respectively compared to the group treated with conventional chemical compound fertilizer(TR 1).The TR 2 group showed a significant increase in fruit weight and sugar content compared to the CK and TR 1,and the yield per mu increased by 0.31 t and 0.58 t,respectively,compared to the CK and TR 1.There were no significant differences in pH value,salt content,soil bulk density,and organic matter content between the CK and TR 1.However,the pH value,total salt content,and soil bulk density in the TR 2 showed a significant decrease,while the organic matter content increased by 37.56%and 30.31%,respectively,compared to the two groups.In summary,the application of bio-organic fertilizers in saline alkali land can improve the product and quality of watermelons,as well as improve soil structure and fertility.

关 键 词：生物有机肥 西瓜 产量 生长特性 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]