基于多目标遗传算法的灌区水土资源优化配置  

Optimization and allocation of water and soil resources in irrigation areas based on multi-objective genetic algorithm

作　　者：王彦东 刘静 孙枭沁 陈晨 方琼 侯坦 李郁 WANG Yandong;LIU Jing;SUN Xiaoqin;CHEN Chen;FANG Qiong;HOU Tan;LI Yu(Suqian Water Conservation Management Service Center,Suqian Jiangsu 223800,China;Suqian Research Institute of Hohai University,Suqian Jiangsu 223800,China;College of Soil and Water Conservation,Hohai University,Changzhou Jiangsu,213200,China;Suqian Water Conservation Bureau,Suqian Jiangsu 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]宿迁市节约用水管理服务中心,江苏宿迁223800 [2]宿迁市河海大学研究院,江苏宿迁223800 [3]河海大学水土保持学院,江苏常州213200 [4]宿迁市水利局,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《农业工程》2024年第11期117-123,共7页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：江苏省水利科技项目(2021062);宿迁市重点科技研发计划项目(s202101)。

摘　　要：针对我国水土资源紧缺的问题,构建灌区水土资源优化配置模型,对于保障灌区高效绿色发展和农业可持续发展战略实施具有重要意义。基于多目标遗传算法(NSGA-II),综合考虑灌区社会经济发展和生态要求,建立了以单方水利用效益和生态绿当量最大为目标的优化模型。以江苏省来龙灌区为例,提出社会经济效益最大、生态效益最大和耕地增加率最大的水土资源优化配置方案。(1)以社会经济效益最大或耕地面积增加率最大为目标时,来龙灌区主要手段是将水域及水利设施用地转变为耕地及城镇村及工矿用地,灌区水域及水利设施用地配水比例下降,耕地和城镇村及工矿用地配水比例上升;单方水利用效益分别提高9.85%和0.54%,但生态绿当量降低5.52%和0.98%。(2)以生态效益最大为目标时,通过土地整理将田埂或设施农用地转变为园林草地和水域及水利设施用地,灌区水资源分配占比与现状相同;单方水利用效益和生态绿当量分别提高0.26%和0.38%。(3)3个优化配置方案的需水量都增加,但未超过来龙灌区的可供水量。该研究可为灌区生态建设和农业可持续发展提供有效的决策支撑。In response to shortage of water and land resources in China,an optimized allocation model for water and land resources in irrigation areas was constructed.This model was of great significance for ensuring efficient and green development of irrigation districts and implementation of sustainable agricultural development strategies.Taking socio-economic development and ecological requirements of irrigation district into account,an optimization model was established with goal of maximizing efficiency of water use per square meter and ecological green equivalent based on multi-objective genetic algorithm(NSGA-II).Taking Lailong Irrigation District of Jiangsu Province as an example,optimal allocation plans for water and land resources with the greatest socio-economic benefits,ecological be-nefits,and cultivated land increase rate were proposed.Results indicated that when aiming to maximize social and economic benefits or increase rate of cultivated land area,main means of the Lailong Irrigation District was to transform water bodies and water conservancy facilities into cultivated land,urban villages,and industrial and mining land.Proportion of water distribution for water bodies and wa-ter conservancy facilities in irrigation district decreased,while proportion of water distribution for cultivated land,urban villages,and industrial and mining land increased.Unilateral water use efficiency increased by 9.85%and 0.54%respectively,but ecological green equivalent decreased by 5.52%and 0.98%.When the goal was to maximize ecological benefits,land consolidation should be carried out to transform farmland or facility agricultural land into garden grasslands,water bodies,and water conservancy facilities.Proportion of water resource allocation in irrigation areas should be the same as current situation.Unilateral water use efficiency and ecological green equivalent have increased by 0.26%and 0.38%respectively.Water demand of three optimized configuration schemes has increased,but it has not exceeded available water supply of L

关 键 词：灌区 多目标遗传算法 水土资源 优化配置模型 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]