多功能数控机床加工零件尺寸标注误差补偿  

Compensation for Dimensional Annotation Errors in Machining Parts Using Multifunctional CNC Machine Tools

作　　者：欧阳陵江[1] 张剑[2] 易守华 OUYANG Lingjiang;Zhang Jian;Yi Shouhua(College of Mechanical Engineering,Hunan Industry Polytechnic,Changsha 410208,China;College of Intelligent Manufacturing,Hunan Network Engineering Vocational College,Changsha 410004,China;Hunan University,Modern Engineering Training Center,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业职业技术学院机械工程学院,长沙410208 [2]湖南网络工程职业学院智能制造学院,长沙410004 [3]湖南大学现代工程训练中心,长沙410082

出　　处：《机械设计与研究》2024年第5期125-130,共6页Machine Design And Research

基　　金：2021年湖南省职业教育教学改革研究项目(ZJGB2021336);湖南工业职业技术学院自然科学课题(GYKYZ201805);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(19C1243)。

摘　　要：当前基于视觉检测的数控机床加工零件尺寸标注过程中,采用的方法是任选均匀分布的一个孔的圆心和中心基准点连线,整体作为测量其它孔角度误差的基准线采用同一方式进行标注。忽略了相邻孔之间直线段、圆和圆弧三个部分的角度差值(实际角度与理论角度之差)标注到各个孔上的差异程度,导致后期出现尺寸标注累积误差问题。因此,研究多功能数控机床加工零件尺寸标注误差补偿。该方法利用CSS-SIFT算法来检测零件图像的特征,并使用欧式距离和曼哈顿距离进行相似性距离的图像特征匹配。针对标注部分,将零件分为直线段、圆和圆弧三个部分,并选择合适的标注方式,以提高标注精度。最后,通过计算误差值,对尺寸标注累积误差进行补偿。实验结果表明:该方法有效地提高了数控机床加工零件尺寸标注的精度和稳定性,平均误差由190μm降低至18.3μm,具备广泛的应用价值,能为相关领域的技术支持和保障提供有力的帮助。因此,该方法能够实现对数控机床加工零件进行准确的尺寸标注。In the current visual inspectionbased CNC machine tool machining part dimension annotation process,a uniformly distributed center of a hole is randomly selected and connected with the center reference point,and the same method is used to annotate the overall reference line for measuring the angular errors of other holes.Variations in the angle difference among the straight-line segment,the circle,and the arc between adjacent holes(the difference between the actual angle and the theoretical angle)marked on each hole are neglected,resulting in the accumulation of dimension annotation errors in the later stage.Therefore,this paper presents a method to compensate for the dimensional annotation errors in the machining parts using multi-functional CNC machine tools.This method utilizes the CSS-SIFT algorithm to detect the features of part images,and uses Euclidean distance and Manhattan distance for similarity distance image feature matching.For the annotation part,the part is divided into three parts:straight segments,circles,and arcs,and the appropriate annotation method is used to improve annotation accuracy.Finally,by calculating the error value,the accumulated error in dimension annotation is compensated.The experimental results show that this method effectively improves the accuracy and stability of dimension annotation for CNC machine tool machined parts,with an average error reduction from 190μm to 18.3μm.It has broad application value and can provide strong assistance for technical support and guarantee in related fields.Therefore,this method can achieve DOI:10.13952/j.cnki.jofmdr.2024.0208 accuratedimension annotation of CNC machine tool machined parts.

关 键 词：数控机床加工零件 尺寸标注 误差补偿 加工零件 误差标注 

分 类 号：TP211.2[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]