不同地区辣椒秸秆生物炭中磷溶出性能研究  

Study on Phosphorus Dissolution Performance of Pepper Straw Biochar in Different Regions

作　　者：张莉[1] 张坤 车迅 孙蕊 熊斌强 杨兴奎 王耀锋 ZHANG Li;ZHANG Kun;CHE Xun;SUN Rui;XIONG Binqiang;YANG Xingkui;WANG Yaofeng(College of Resources and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Process,Urumqi 830052;College of Ecology and Environment,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院/新疆土壤与植物生态过程重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆大学生态与环境学院,乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第31期78-82,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金青年基金项目“有机肥配施生物炭对土壤磷素有效性的影响机制研究”(2022D01B93);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目“酸性生物炭的分子模型构建及其对盐渍土的改良研究”(2021D01C048);新疆农业大学大学生创新项目“不同地区辣椒秸秆制备生物炭对磷酸盐吸附性能的研究”(s202310758010)。

摘　　要：为探究不同地区辣椒秸秆生物炭中磷的溶出能力,收集了江西省南昌市新建区、贵州省毕节市赫章县、河南省周口市太康县、甘肃省定西市安定区等不同地区的辣椒秸秆,分别制备400、700℃的辣椒秸秆生物炭,关注生物炭中不同形态磷含量(蒸馏水提取的H_(2)O-P、0.5 mol/L碳酸氢钠提取的Na HCO_(3)-P、0.1 mol/L氢氧化钠提取的Na OH-P和1 mol/L盐酸提取的HCl-P),研究生物炭中磷的动力学溶出和初始p H对磷溶出影响。结果表明,4种形态磷中H_(2)O-P含量最多,Na HCO_(3)-P含量最少。贵州地区400℃生物炭中H_(2)O-P含量最高,达7.89 mg/g;河南地区700℃生物炭中Na HCO_(3)-P含量最低,仅为0.13 mg/g。炭化温度越高,生物炭中磷的溶出量越低,400℃下制备的贵州地区生物炭磷溶出能力最强,在10 min时溶出量最大,达1.58 mg/g。溶液初始p H越高,生物炭中磷的溶出量越低,400℃下制备的贵州地区生物炭磷溶出能力最强,在p H 2.0时,磷的溶出量最大,达3.21 mg/g。研究发现,不同形态生物炭的磷含量不同,水溶性磷(H_(2)O-P)含量最高,且随着炭化温度的降低,其含量增加;炭化温度越高,p H越低,越有利于生物炭对磷的吸附,生物炭表面的局部酸性环境有利于磷养分的释放。To investigate the phosphorus leaching capacity of pepper straw biochar in different regions,biochar were prepared from pepper straw in different regions(Taikang County of Henan Province,Xinjian District of Nanchang City,Dingxi City of Gansu Province and Bijie City of Guizhou Province)using two pyrolysis temperatures(400℃and 700℃).The concentrations of four phosphorus fractions(H_(2)O-P,NaHCO_(3)-P,NaOH-P and HCl-P)in the biochars were extracted by distilled water,0.5 mol/L sodium bicarbonate,0.1 mol/L sodium hydroxide and 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid,respectively.Additionally,the kinetic dissolution experiments of phosphorus from biochars and the effect of pH on phosphorous leaching were carried out in the study.The results indicated that the content of H_(2)O-P was the highest among the four fractions of phosphorus in biochars and NaHCO_(3)-P was the lowest.The content of H_(2)O-P in the biochar prepared at 400℃in Guizhou was the highest,reaching 7.89 mg/g.The content of NaHCO_(3)-P in the biochar prepared at 700℃in Henan was the lowest,which was only 0.13 mg/g.The higher the temperature of carbonization,the lower the concentration of phosphorus dissolution in biochar.The biochar prepared at 400℃in Guizhou had the strongest phosphorus dissolution ability,and the maximum dissolution amount was 1.58 mg/g at 10 min.The higher the initial pH of the solution,the lower the leaching of phosphorus from the biochar.When the initial pH 2.0,the maximum phosphorus leaching rate was achieved,the dissolved concentration of the biochar prepared at 400℃in Guizhou was 3.21 mg/g.Our finding would provide a reference for the use of biochar to improve soil nutrients by enhancing phosphorus availability.

关 键 词：辣椒秸秆生物炭 磷形态 磷溶出 初始pH 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]