开放科学视域下多类型科研成果学术贡献归因研究  

Attribution of Academic Contributions to Multiple Scientific Outputs from an Open Science Perspective

作　　者：寇蕾蕾 KOU Leilei(Institute of Tibetan Plateau Humanistic Environment,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学青藏高原人文环境研究院,兰州730000

出　　处：《农业图书情报学报》2024年第7期76-87,共12页Journal of Library and Information Science in Agriculture

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“数字人文视角下学术贡献承认机制研究”(21lzujbkydx040)。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]开放科学环境下协同化知识生产和多样化科学产出趋势明显,有效识别承认开放研究中多元化贡献主体、多样化贡献内容,对提升贡献数据的开放透明揭示及有效利用至关重要。[方法/过程]本研究在系统调研国内外学术贡献相关理论及实践基础上,提出面向开放科学的学术贡献分析体系。从成果创建过程角度出发,围绕贡献要素识别、贡献度计算、贡献表示3方面展开学术贡献归因研究,并通过实证案例进行了概念验证和应用场景分析。[结果/结论]学术贡献是开放科学体系中的重要组成部分,提高各类科研成果学术贡献的开放性和透明性是必然趋势,但现有贡献归因方法存在适用性受限、缺乏系统性等问题。未来可从扩展贡献应用对象、建立通用贡献要素体系、优化贡献度量化计算等方面提升方法的适用性,拓展贡献数据的应用范围和应用场景。[Purpose/Significance]In the open science environment,the mode of collaborative knowledge production is widely used,and the types of scientific outputs are becoming increasingly diverse.Therefore,effective identification and recognition of various contribution contents made by different contributors in open research is crucial to improve transparent disclosure and effective use of research output's contribution data.[Method/Process]Based on the systematic study of domestic and foreign scholarly contribution theories and practices,this study proposes a scholarly contribution analysis system for open science.From the perspective of the creation process of scientific research outputs,research on the attribution of scientific contributions is carried out,focusing on three aspects:the identification of contributors and contribution elements,the calculation of the degree of contribution,and the representation of contribution data.In addition,a paper from the open access platform PLoS One is selected as an empirical case to demonstrate the validity of the process and method of attributing scholarly contributions.It was found that the contribution score is inversely proportional to the number of contributors,i.e.,the more the number of contributors,the less likely it is to have a high contribution score.The more contribution elements contributors participate in,the higher the contribution score they receive.If contributors participate in the same contribution elements,and their contribution scores may also be the same.For the same contribution factor,the higher the number of contributors,the lower the contribution degree of each contributor.This paper summarizes the application scenarios of academic contributions from three aspects:clearly distinguishing author and non-author contributors,establishing correlation between contribution data and other LOD ontologies,establishing attribution and responsibility mechanism for academic contributions,and improving the index system of scientific research evaluation.[Results/Concl

关 键 词：开放科学 科研成果 贡献数据 贡献识别 贡献归因 

分 类 号：G252.6[文化科学—图书馆学]