北方农牧交错区生态环境质量动态评价及影响因素分析——以河北坝上地区为例  

Dynamic evaluation of ecological environment quality and analysis of influencing factors in the northern agro-pastoral ecotone:A case study of Bashang Area in Hebei Province

作　　者：武爱彬[1] 陈辅国 赵艳霞[1] 秦彦杰[1] 沈会涛[1] 刘欣[1] Wu Aibin;Chen Fuguo;Zhao Yanxia;Qin Yanjie;Shen Huitao;Liu Xin(Institute of Geographical Sciences/Hebei Geographic Information Development and Application Technology Innovation Center,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050011,China;College of Land Science and Spatial Planning,Hebei Geo University,Shijiazhuang 050031,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省科学院地理科学研究所/河北省地理信息开发应用技术创新中心,河北石家庄050011 [2]河北地质大学土地科学与空间规划学院,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期12-24,共13页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河北省科学院科技计划项目(24106)。

摘　　要：[目的]农牧交错区是我国典型的生态脆弱区,精准评估农牧交错区生态环境质量与影响因素对地区的生态环境保护及治理有重要作用,可以为区域生态文明建设与实现可持续发展提供科学参考。[方法]本文基于Google earth engine(GEE)平台,利用2000-2020年Landsat遥感影像、土地利用数据、植被净初级生产力数据,根据河北坝上地区的生态特点,构建新型遥感生态指数(new Remote Sensing Ecological Index,nRSEI),评估了河北坝上地区2000—2020年的生态环境质量动态变化特征,并引入地理探测器分析了影响生态环境质量变化的自然因素和社会经济因素。[结果](1)2000—2020年河北坝上地区nRSEI均值经历了“上升—下降—上升”的过程,总体表现为增加。研究区东侧生态环境质量较高,西部区域的生态环境质量略低;(2)2000—2020年期间河北坝上地区生态环境质量变化中改善的面积占比较高,占研究区总面积的76.16%,生态环境质量改善主要发生在研究区西部;恶化的面积占比为8.20%,生态环境质量下降主要发生在研究区东部;(3)2000—2020年期间河北坝上地区生态环境质量空间分布呈现出显著的空间自相关性,局部聚集以“高-高”和“低-低”为主:(4)2000—2020年,单因子中对生态环境质量影响较大的为自然因素中的温度、降水量和坡度以及社会经济因素中距一级、三级道路距离、距县政府距离;2000年和2010年与距一级、三级道路距离、距县政府距离交互的组合交互作用值较高;2005年、2015年和2020年则是与降水量交互的组合交互作用值较高。[结论]河北坝上地区的生态环境质量虽近年有所好转,但其仍处在生态脆弱地区,应重视其生态环境的保护及治理,减少气候变化和人类活动对生态环境造成的破坏。The agro-pastoral ecotone area is a typical ecologically fragile area in China.Accurate assessment of the ecological environment quality and influencing factors in the agro-pastoral ecologic area plays an important role in protecting and managing its ecosystem.Such assessments can provide valuable scientific references for building ecological civilization in the region and for achieving sustainable development.Utilizing the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform,this study employed Landsat remote sensing images,land use data,and vegetation net primary productivity data from 2000 to 2020 to analyze the ecological characteristics of Bashang area in Hebei Province.A new Remote Sensing Ecological Index(nRSEI)was developed to evaluate the dynamic changes in ecological environment quality from 2000 to 2020,and geographic detectors were used to analyze the natural and socio-economic factors affecting these changes.The results showed that:(1)From 2000 to 2020,the mean nRSEI in Bashang area of Hebei Province followed a trend of"increase-decrease-increase",with an overall upward trend.The ecological environment quality was higher in the eastern part of the study area and slightly lower in the western part.(2)Over the 2000-2020 period,76.16%of the study area showed improvement in ecological environment quality,mainly concentrated in the western region;Areas where ecological quality declined accounted for 8.20%of the total area,mostly in the eastern part.(3)The spatial distribution of eco-environmental quality in Bashang region showed significant spatial autocorrelation,with local clusters primarily characterized by"high-high"and"low-low"groupings.(4)From 2000 to 2020,key individual factors affecting ecological environment quality included natural factors such as temperature,precipitation,and slope,as well as socio-economic factors like proximity to primary and tertiary roads and distance from county government centers.In 2000 and 2010,the combined effect of road and government proximity was higher.In 2020,the interaction with pre

关 键 词：农牧交错区 生态环境质量 新型遥感生态指数 地理探测器模型 

分 类 号：X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S127[农业科学—农业基础科学]