外源亚精胺及其抑制剂MGBG对硝酸盐胁迫下番茄幼苗生长和生理特性的影响  

Effects of exogenous Spd and MGBG on the growth and physiological characteristics of tomato seedlings under nitrate stress

作　　者：安璐 郭树勋 赵晏俪 代泽敏 石玉[1] 张毅[1] An Lu;Guo Shuxun;Zhao Yanli;Dai Zemin;Shi Yu;Zhang Yi(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西晋中030801

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期48-58,共11页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划(202203021211263);山西省重点研发计划项目(202102140601013)。

摘　　要：[目的]本研究旨在探讨硝酸盐胁迫下亚精胺(Spd)及其抑制剂甲基乙二醛双脒基腙(MGBG)对番茄幼苗生长和生理特性的影响,进而解析内外源Spd如何影响植物响应硝酸盐胁迫的生理过程。[方法]本试验以番茄品种‘M82’为试材,研究在1/2倍日本山崎番茄配方营养液(CK)下叶面单施Spd(T1)、单施MGBG(T3)、配施Spd和MG-BG(T2)以及在125 mmol·L^(-1)Ca(NO_(3))_(2)模拟的硝酸盐胁迫(CS)下叶面单施Spd(T4)、单施MGBG(T6)、配施Spd和MGBG(T5)对番茄幼苗生长、光合作用、抗氧化能力和渗透调节特性的影响。[结果]与CK相比,CS番茄幼苗鲜重、干重、净光合速率、抗氧化酶活性及渗透势显著下降,丙二醛、超氧阴离子、脯氨酸含量和瞬时水分利用率显著上升。与CS相比,T4番茄幼苗干鲜重、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、抗氧化酶活性和可溶性糖含量显著上升,瞬时水分利用率、丙二醛、过氧化氢和渗透势显著降低;T5及T6提高了番茄幼苗的丙二醛、超氧阴离子和过氧化氢含量。[结论]单施Spd可促进番茄幼苗生长,提高光合能力,有效缓解由Ca(NO_(3))_(2)介导的氧化胁迫和渗透胁迫。单施MGBG及配施Spd和MGBG均可加重硝酸盐胁迫对番茄幼苗的不利影响,表现为活性氧过量积累,干鲜重、净光合速率和抗氧化酶活性降低。[Objective]This study aimed to investigate the effects of spermidine(Spd)and its inhibitor methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone)(MGBG)on the growth and physiological characteristics of tomato seedlings under nitrate stress,to further explore how endogenous and exogenous Spd affect the physiological responses of plants to nitrate stress.[Methods]In this study,the tomato variety‘M82’was used as the test material.Treatments under standard conditions with 1/2-strength Yasaki tomato formula nutrient solution(CK)included the foliar application of Spd alone(T1),MGBG alone(T3),and a combination of Spd and MGBG(T2).Under simulated nitrate stress with 125 mmol·L^(-1) Ca(NO_(3))_(2)(CS),treatments included Spd alone(T4),MGBG alone(T6),and a combination of Spd and MGBG(T5).The effects of these treatments on tomato seedling growth,photosynthetic,antioxidant capacity,and osmotic regulation were evaluated.[Results]The results indicated that compared with CK,CS-treated tomato seedlings showed significantly decrease in fresh weight,dry weight,net photosynthetic rate,antioxidant enzyme activity,and osmotic potential,along with significant increases in MDA,superoxide anion,proline content,and instantaneous water use efficiency.Compared with CS,T4 significantly increased dry weight,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,antioxidant enzyme activity,and soluble sugar content,while significantly reducing instantaneous water use efficiency,MDA,hydrogen peroxide,and osmotic potential.In contrast,T5 and T6 treatments increased the accumulation of MDA,superoxide anion,and hydrogen peroxide in tomato seedlings.[Conclusion]In summary,the application of Spd alone promoted seedling growth,enhanced photosynthesis,and effectively alleviated oxidative and osmotic stress induced by Ca(NO_(3))_(2).However,the use of MGBG alone or in combination of Spd and MGBG exacerbated the adverse effects of nitrate stress,leading to excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species,reduced dry weight,net photosynthetic rate,and antioxidant enzyme activity

关 键 词：SPD MGBG 硝酸盐胁迫 番茄 生理特性 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] Q945.78[农业科学—园艺学]