基于生态环境需水量反推的西江流域地表水资源可利用量计算  

Calculation of Available Surface Water Resources in Xijiang River Basin Based on Ecological Water Demand Inversion

作　　者：张晓琳 张义敏 陈畅 陈灏 ZHANG Xiaolin;ZHANG Yimin;CHEN Chang;CHEN Hao(Pearl River Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Center,Guangzhou 510611,China)

机构地区：[1]珠江水文水资源勘测中心,广东广州510611

出　　处：《人民珠江》2024年第11期72-78,共7页Pearl River

基　　金：科技基础资源调查专项资助项目(2019FY101900)。

摘　　要：地表水资源可利用量是在统筹生活、生产、生态用水情况下得到的水资源综合利用阈值,其概念尚不统一、计算方法各异。应用一种较为简便的方法——间接算法计算地表水资源可利用量,尽可能减少基础资料收集及计算过程的难度。该方法综合考虑流域天然径流态势和分布特点,以及现状水资源开发利用和规划安排,从生态系统需求入手,通过计算河道内目标生态环境需水量从而间接计算地表水资源可利用量。以西江流域为例,计算的1956—2016年多年平均地表水资源可利用量为459.7亿m^(3),可利用率为20%。通过合理性分析,西江流域地表水资源可利用量既能满足本流域远期规划水平年2030年河道外需水增长的需求,也能保障河道内生态环境需水,可作为今后一段时间开展流域或区域规划修编、水量分配与调度、总量控制指标修订等工作的重要基础。The utilizable amount of surface water resources is the threshold value of comprehensive utilization of water resources obtained under the condition of overall living,production,and ecological water use.This concept is not unified and the calculation methods are different.The purpose of this study is to apply a relatively simple and convenient method,indirect algorithm,to calculate the surface water resources availability and reduce the difficulty of basic data collection and calculation process as much as possible.The method involves comprehensive considerations of the natural runoff situation and distribution characteristics of the basin,as well as the development,utilization,and planning of current water resources.Starting from the needs of the ecosystem,it aims to calculate the usable amount of surface water resources indirectly by calculating the target ecological water demand in the river course.Taking the Xijiang River Basin as an example,the calculated annual average utilizable amount of surface water resources from 1956 to 2016 is 45.97×10^(9) m^(3),and the utilizable rate is 20%.Through a rational analysis,the available amount of surface water resources in the Xijiang River Basin can satisfy the increased water demand out of the basin in 2030,a target year as part of the long-term planning for the Xijiang River Basin,and meanwhile ensure ecological water demand of the basin,which can be an important basis for the revision of basin or regional planning,water allocation and scheduling,and the revision of total control indicators in the future.

关 键 词：可利用量 间接算法 生态环境需水量 西江流域 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]